“有我在而无我执”——钱锺书诗歌与“心”意象

My Presence Involved in My Unconscious Creation:Qian Zhongshu’s Poetry and the Image of “heart”

钱锺书诗歌大量使用“心”意象,它们大致从四个方面寄寓了诗人对于“心”的文化理解。一,“体”:“心外无物”与“吾心即宇宙”;二,“知”:“致知造艺,以至于天人感会,无不须施此心”——悟;三,“情”:“善养性者,不汨于情,亦不灭情”;四,“意”:“本诸欲,信理之心始坚;依夫理,偿欲之心得放”。钱锺书的认识是基于对中国“心学”与西方“心理学”的融合贯通。从中寓含着借助“明”心“见”性以立人(自立),最终实现“有我在而无我执”的人格理想。这种人格理想的由来又与钱锺书对中外诗学中的相关见解密不可分,因而钱锺书是在践行由“艺”、由“学”而“人”或“艺”、“学”与“人”并行的人文建设路径,一定程度上暗合了格物致知的思想印痕。

The heavy use of the image of "heart"in Qian Zhongshu's Poetry generally conveys the poet's cultural understanding of "heart"from four aspects.First,"body": "nothing outside the heart"and "my heart is the universe";Second,"knowledge":"know how to create art so that the heaven-human induction will be fulfilled";Third,"emotion": "good people are not too fond of love,but also do not destroy love";Fourth,"volition":"on all desires,truth will be sought;by the truth,all desires are compensated".Qian Zhongshu's understanding is based on the integration of Chinese philosophy of mind and Western psychology.It implies the personality ideal of "My Presence Involved in My Unconscious Creation"by means of finding one's true self.The origin of this ideal of personality is closely related to Qian Zhongshu's decryption of Chinese and foreign poetics.So Qian Zhongshu is practicing the way of humanistic construction which is parallel with "art","learning"and "human".To a certain extent,it coincides with the ideological imprint of obtaining knowledge by investigation of things.