全球化时代民族国家的认同危机及其消解——基于政治合法性的视角

The Identity Crisis of Nation-state and Its Resolution in the Era of Globalization——From the Perspective of Political Legitimacy

全球化是资本要素在民族国家之间的一种现代性流动,它从"上面""旁边"和"下面"多层次、多维度地对民族国家的最高权威性产生去中心化的影响,进而对民族国家政治合法性的客观性基础与主观性判断产生冲击。"民族认同"与"国家认同"的内在机理并不完全一致,其内在的矛盾性与张力常常以"认同危机"的形式存在,并且可能因"全球化"的浪潮而被放大、加速和复杂化,从而严重影响民族国家的政治合法性存在。民族国家仍然是全球化中最主要的行为主体,也是国民权利最根本的保障与优化力量,国族一致的国家认同在所有的政治认同中占据着最为重要的位置。全球化背景下,需要着力于国民身份意识的塑造与提高,并力求民族国家认同的客观性基础建设与主观性判断培养的内在统一。

Globalization is a modernity flow of capital factors among nation states. It has decentralized the supreme authority of nation-states at all levels and multi-dimensionally and further has an impact on the objective basis and subjective judgment of the political legitimacy of nation-states. The internal mechanism of "ethnic group identity" and "national identity" is not completely consistent, and its inherent contradictions and tensions often exist in the form of "identification crisis" and may be amplified, accelerated, and complicated by the wave of globalization,which has seriously affected the existence of political legitimacy of the nation-state. National states are still the main actors in globalization and the most important power safeguarding national rights. Ethnic-national identity is still the most important political one of human beings. The construction of political legitimacy of nation-states needs to reinforce the objective basis of national-state identity, effectively cultivate the subjective judgments of national-state identity, promote the enhancement of national identity awareness, and strive to cultivate the objective basis and subjective judgment of national-state identity, in order to strive for an effective collaboration of both the subjective and objective sides.