改革开放40年我国学前教育办学体制改革的历程与方向

Institutional reforms on Chinese preschool education over the past 40 years

改革开放40年以来,我国学前教育办学格局发生巨大变化。学前教育办学体制经历了从以公办为主体到公办示范、以社会力量为主,再到政府主导、公民并举的改革轨迹。改革中多元办学格局基本形成,公办园的定位和作用不断变化,民办园从补充成为重要主体,公民合作办学前教育模式越来越普遍。经济体制改革、国家政策制度、学前教育供需矛盾、事业发展是助推学前教育办学体制改革的几大动力因素。未来我国学前教育办学体制的改革要打破绝对公民界限,以公共利益为目标追求,转变政府职能,充分发挥市场的作用,以办学体制改革带动整个体制机制改革,探索多种机构形式举办学前教育,并重视中西部农村学前教育办学问题。

A great change has taken place in Chinese preschool education since the beginning of reforms40 years ago.It has undergone institutional changes from public to private administration and multiple structure has been formed that has become quite popular.And in the context of economic reforms,national policy improvement and demand-supply has promoted the dynamic motivation for the preschool education.More countermeasures are given in relation to the development of preschool education in the rural areas,in particular,in the middle and west of the country.