最低工资标准与企业成本加成——来自中国制造业企业的证据

Minimum Wage Standard and Markups:Evidence from ChineseManufacturing Enterprises

本文在搜集全国各市所有区县1999-2007年最低工资标准的基础上,将企业微观数据与最低工资标准数据合并,实证检验了最低工资对中国制造业企业成本加成的影响。本文研究发现,均值层面上,最低工资的提高显著提升了企业成本加成,这说明现阶段我国的最低工资制度是适宜的,对企业成本加成具有正面影响。进一步影响机制检验表明,最低工资可能通过影响企业资本劳动比等途径促进企业成本加成提升。虽然本文表明最低工资标准的提升不会抑制企业成本加成提高,但仍然需要关注最低工资对企业产生的其他影响,统筹处理好维护劳动者权益与促进企业发展的关系,使最低工资标准更好地与经济发展相协调。

Using minimum wage data of all prefectural cities in China and micro data of Chinese manufacturing enterprises from 1999 to 2007,this paper studies the influence mechanism of minimum wage on firm markups.The results show that the increase of minimum wage significantly raises firm markups on the whole.It suggests that the current minimum wage system in China is suitable and the effect of minimum wage on firm markups is positive.Further tests on the influence mechanism show that the minimum wage may raise firm markups by affecting the capital-labor ratio of impacted firms.The findings of this study thus imply that the increase of minimum wage will not obstruct the improvement of firm markups,yet we still need to pay attention to the various effects of minimum wage on manufacturing industries.Balancing the relationship between the protection of laborer rights and the growth of firms can help better coordinate the minimum wage system with China's economic development.