中医体质辨识健康管理系统在社区老年人体检中的应用

Application of TCM Constitution Identification Health Management System in Community Elderly Physical Examination

目的:采用中医体质辨识健康管理系统分析不同性别老年人群的中医体质类型特点,为老年人预防疾病、中医养生保健、健康教育等方面提供流行病学调查数据支持。方法:选择自愿参加免费体检的1 143例老年人为研究对象,采用中医体质辨识自助系统,在医护人员指导下自助采集信息进入软件,完成后自动生成体质类型。结果:1 143例老年人中无基础疾病老年人633例,占55. 38%,主要体质类型为平和质191例、偏颇质952例(1种偏颇质327例,2种偏颇质321例,3种及3种以上偏颇质304例),其中阴虚质499例、痰湿质439例、气虚质397例、阳虚质239例、血瘀质78例。不同性别比较,差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。合并高血压患者体质类型为痰湿质、阴虚质、气虚质,不同性别比较,差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05);合并糖尿病患者体质类型为痰湿质,不同性别比较,差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05);同时合并高血压糖尿病患者体质类型为痰湿质、阴虚质,不同性别比较,差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论:通过中医体质辨识分布规律,制定个体化健康管理方案,对指导老年人预防疾病、养生保健、合理用药等,有益于提高老年人群健康素质,具有重要的实用价值。

Objective: The health management system of constitution identification of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) was used to analyze the characteristics of constitution types of different genders of the elderly in order to provide epidemiological data support for the prevention of diseases,health care of TCM and health education of the elderly. Methods: One thousand and one hundred forty-three elderly people who volunteered to take part in free physical examination were selected. The self-help system of constitution identification of TCM was used to collect information by themselves and enter the software under the guidance of medical staff. After having completed these,the constitution type was automatically generated. Results: Among the 1,143 elderly people,633 ( 55. 38%) had no underlying diseases. The main constitutional types were mild constitution in 191 cases and biased constitution in 952 cases ( 327 cases of one kind of biases,321 cases of two kinds of biases,and 304 cases of three kinds of or over three biases) . Among these constitutions,there were 499 cases of yin deficiency,439 cases of phlegm dampness,397 cases of qi deficiency,239 cases of Yang deficiency and 78 cases of blood stasis. The difference was statistically significant between male and female ( P < 0. 05) . The constitutional types of hypertension patients included phlegm-dampness,yin-deficiency and qideficiency, and the difference was statistically significant between male and female ( P < 0. 05) . The constitutional type of diabetes mellitus patients was phlegm-dampness,and the difference was statistically significant between male and female ( P < 0. 05) . The constitutional types of diabetic patients combined with hypertension included phlegm-dampness and yin-deficiency,and the difference was statistically significant between male and female ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusion: It is of great practical value to establish individualized health management scheme by identifying the distribution law of constitution in TCM for guiding the prevention of diseases,health care and rational drug use of the elderly,and improving the health quality of the elderly.