功能性动作筛查(FMS)在普通成老年人群中的应用

An Applied Study on Functional Movement Screen(FMS) in General Adults

目的:通过功能性动作筛查,对普通成老年人群身体功能性运动能力的特征进行评价分析,初步探索FMS在普通人群体质测评中的应用。方法:对481名20～69岁成老年人群(男209名,女272名)进行FMS,包括深蹲、栏架跨、直线蹲、肩部灵活性、直腿抬高、俯撑、体旋稳定性7个动作模式,满分为21分。结果:FMS总分女性(14.2)明显高于男性(13.7);深蹲、直线蹲、俯撑3项得分均为男性明显高于女性,肩部灵活性、直腿抬高、体旋稳定性得分则为女性明显高于男性;无论男女,40岁之后,随着年龄的增长,FMS总分均呈下降态势;女性深蹲、直线蹲、俯撑得1分的比例(46.3%、28.5%、13.6%)明显高于男性(33.5%、12.6%、3.5%),女性肩部灵活性、直腿抬高得3分的比例(58.1%、53.7%)明显高于男性(23.6%、18.2%);男性(26.8%)FMS非对称性测试结果阳性率略高于女性(23.5%);无论男女,大部分受试者FMS总分在14～18之间(良好),男性不及格比例(41.1%)高于女性(36.0%)。结论:女性身体功能性运动能力略好于男性,其中柔韧能力相对突出;部分人群身体/肢体两侧功能性运动能力不对称,其中肩关节活动范围两侧差异最为明显;年龄是影响身体功能性运动能力的重要因素。建议将FMS作为体质测评的补充内容。

Objective: Through functional movement screen(FMS), the paper analyzed the characteristic of physical functional exercise ability and preliminarily study the application of FMS in general adults. Methods: FMS was conducted for 481 adults(male 209, female 272) aged from 20 to 69. FMS consists of 7 screens: deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability push up and rotary stability, with a total score of 21 points. Results: the FMS scores of the Female(14.2) was significantly higher than that of the male(13.7). The scores of three items: deep squat, in-line lunge, and trunk stability push up of male were significantly higher than that of female, but shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise and rotary stability score were significantly higher in female than male respectively. With the growth of the age, FMS score showed a downward trend after 40 years of age. The proportion of deep squat, in-line lunge, and trunk stability push up got1 point in female were significantly higher than that of male, and so that the proportion of getting 3 points in shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise of the female. males(26.8%) was slightly higher than female(23.5%) on asymmetry distribution. Majority of the participants had FMS score of 14-18(good) both in male and female, while 38.3% of the male and 36.1% of the female participants had a total score of less than 14 points. Conclusion The physical functional exercise ability is better in female than in male, especially in flexibility. Asymmetry distribution is existed in some people, especially in shoulder mobility. Age is an important factor affecting the physical functional exercise ability. We suggest that FMS as a supplement to physical fitness assessment.