岩石空心圆柱扭剪仪研制的重点问题及研究进展

Critical problems and research progress on the development of rock hollow cylinder torsional shear apparatus

随着深部岩体工程的发展,开挖卸荷导致的应力主轴旋转问题引起了广泛关注。首先,分析总结了岩体工程中存在的应力主轴旋转问题及其对岩体工程稳定性的影响;其次,介绍了土体空心圆柱扭剪仪的发展现状及其特点,从荷载的施加方式、试样尺寸两个方面指出了研制岩石空心圆柱扭剪仪的关键问题,并与土体空心圆柱扭剪仪进行了对比,提出了新的扭矩施加技术和合理的岩石空心圆柱试样尺寸;最后,总结概括了考虑应力主轴旋转的土体本构模型的研究成果,并对考虑应力主轴旋转的岩石本构关系的研究进行了展望。该工作将对岩石空心圆柱扭剪仪的研制和相关理论的研究提供一定的参考和指导。

With the development of deep rock mass engineering, the problem of rotation of principal stress axes due to excavation activity has been of great concern. Firstly, this paper analyzes the problem of rotation of principal stress axes in rock mass engineering and its effect on the stability of surrounding rock mass. Secondly, the developing of the soil hollow cylinder apparatus and its characteristic are introduced, and the critical problem of design of rock hollow cylinder apparatus is pointed out from two aspects, load method and specimen geometry. In addition, compared with soil hollow cylinder apparatus, a new torque applied technology of rock hollow cylinder apparatus and specimen geometry has been proposed. Finally, the research results of the constitutive model of soil under rotation of principal stress axes are summarized, the constitutive relation of rock under rotation of principal stress axes is also prospected. This paper provides reference and guidance for the design of hollow cylinder apparatus and relevant theoretical study.