湖南野生越橘资源初步调查与利用建议

Wild Blueberry Resources(Vaccinium) in Hunan Province:Preliminary Investigation and Utilization Suggestions

为明确湖南省越橘属野生种质资源的分布现状,科学合理地利用和保护现有越橘野生资源,对湖南省内的野生越橘属植物进行调查和研究。结合"第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集-湖南",采用实地调查、走访群众和踏查法等相结合的调查方法对湖南省各县市进行实地调查。调查共收集野生越橘资源25份,来自7个采样点。野外实地调查结合文献记录和对资源的种类初步鉴定的结果表明,湖南省报道过的越橘属植物为12种2变种,主要分布在海拔100～1800 m范围内,主要生境为混交阔叶林或山坡灌木旁,叶片主要为卵圆形,少有披针形;果实多为圆形,成熟时一般为紫黑色。初步鉴定采集资源只有2种,分别为乌饭树和江南越橘。在此基础上对湖南越橘属植物目前利用潜力与方向提出了几点建议,旨在为深入湖南越橘属野生资源的挖掘和利用开发提供信息。

To clarify the distribution status of the wild germplasm resources of Vaccinium in Hunan Province, the wild blueberry plants were investigated and studied.Combined with The Third National Crop Germplasm Resources Collection &Investigation Action-Hunan Province,the investigation was carried out in the counties and cities of Hunan Province by means of on-the-spot investigation,visit and step-search.A total of 25 wild blueberry resources were collected from 7 sampling points.Through field investigation combined with literature record and preliminary identification of resources,the results show that:the 12 species of 2 varieties reported in Hunan Province are mainly distributed in the altitude range of 100-1800m,the main habitats are mixed broadleaf forests or hillside shrubs,the leaves are oval,and rarely lanceolate.The fruits are round,usuallypurple-black when mature.The preliminary identification collection resources are only 2 wild types, respectively V.bracteatum and V.mandarinorum.In this paper,some suggestions on the potential utilization of Vaccinium in Hunan Province are put forward.The purpose of this paper is to provide an information base for exploring and utilization of the wild resources of Vaccinium in Hunan Province.