新疆地区重症肌无力患者的性别差异性分析

Clinical Characteristics of Myasthenia Gravis Patients with Different Gender in Xinjiang

目的研究新疆不同性别重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis,MG)患者的临床特点。方法回顾性分析2014年6月～2017年6月住院的69例重症肌无力患者资料,比较男性及女性重症肌无力患者的发病年龄、首发症状、临床分型及伴随疾病等临床特点。结果新疆重症肌无力患者存在性别差异性,其中女性患者的发生率高于男性,男性∶女性=1∶1. 3。早发型重症肌无力中,男性∶女性=1. 51∶1;晚发型MG中,男性∶女性=1∶1. 92,差异有统计学意义(P=0. 039)。男性及女性首发症状构成比差异无统计学意义,但Osserman分型各型构成比差异有统计学意义(P=0. 049),其中男性患者中Ⅰ型比例明显高于女性组(P=0. 008),女性MG患者Ⅱ型比例高于男性。女性MG患者伴随甲状腺疾病比例高(P=0. 039)。两组患者之间胸腺异常的构成比大致相同,差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。结论不同性别MG患者在起病年龄、首发症状、临床分型及伴随疾病具有不同特点,新疆MG患者起病年龄性别差异具有其独特性,认识其临床特点将有助于有效的临床干预和预后判定。

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of myasthenia gravis (MG)patients with different gender in Xinjiang. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients followed comparison of different gender.There were 69 patients with myasthenia gravis in our department who were hospitalized in from 2014 June to 2014 June.Several clinical characteristics were compared between two genders including the onset age,first symptom,clinical classification and accompanying diseases.Results There were gender differences in the patients with myasthenia gravis in Xinjiang.The incidence of female patients was higher than that of male patients,male/female = 1:1.3.The male/female is 1.51:1 in the Early -onset MG,and the male/female is 1:1.92 in the Late-onset MG.The difference was statistically significant (P =0.039).There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of first symptom between male and female,but there was statistical difference in Osserman classification (P =0.049).Type Ⅰ was more common in male patients than that in female (P =0.008),while Type Ⅱ was more common in in female MG patients that in male patients.MG patients accompanying thyroid diseases were much more common in female than that in male (P =0.039).There was no significant diffence in the constituent ratio of thymus abnormalities between the two genders.Conclusion There were different characteristics in onset age,first symptom,clinical classification and accompanying diseases in genders of MG patients.There was unique variance in onset age of gender difference in patients with MG in Xinjiang.It is important to realize its clinical characteristics,and will be helpful for further clinical intervention and prognosis judgment.