基于集体记忆的震后北川老县城空间重构

SPATIAL RECONSTRUCTION OF BEICHUAN RUINED COUNTRY TOWN POST-EARTHQUAKE BASED ON COLLECTIVE MEMORY THEORY

汶川地震重灾区北川老县城为案例地,以地震受灾群体老县城居民为研究样本,通过问卷调查与访谈挖掘灾后遗址唤起居民的集体记忆和空间,通过认知地图和GIS空间分析对比遗址官方记忆空间、居民集体认知—情感空间、行为空间的差异,揭示现实空间与居民集体记忆空间互动影响机制。灾后日常记忆、灾难记忆夹杂在一起,产生怀旧、创伤等情感,构成居民复杂的集体记忆。尽管具体空间引发的情感以负面为主,但居民对老县城整体还是充满了积极的地方依恋和认同。

Collective memory is related with time and space,which plays an important role in arousing the relationship between people and place and building sense of place.Thus,it is an important theory for the studies of post-disaster recovery and place reconstruction.This paper takes the ruined country town of Beichuan, which was the most stricken area in 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake,as a study case,and local residents as study samples,to explore the aroused collective memory of local residents post-quake through questionnaires and interviews.Through the method ofmental map and spatial analysis of GIS,itexplores the differences among the official exhibition space,collective cognition-emotion space and collective behaviors space of local residents,which reflects the interaction mechanism between the official exhibition space and the locals'mental space through collective memory.The study also discovers the contents of locals' collective memory,finds that the daily life memory before quake,and the disaster memoryafter quake mixed together,which contribute to complex emotions,includingsorrow,fear,sympathize,calm,yearning,happy,grateful,pride and so on. Although the specific spacestriggerthe negative emotion mostly,the residents are still full of highly positive sense of place attachment and place identity towards the whole town.