热量资源变化对石河子垦区棉花产量的贡献

Heat Resource Change:Contribution to Cotton Yield in Shihezi Reclamation Area

为探讨新疆石河子垦区热量资源变化对棉花产量的影响及关键期,收集石河子地区1961—2015年棉花单产、气温资料以及1988—2017年棉花物候期监测等资料,运用多项式分离气候产量、气候倾向率、一元回归及相关系数等方法,研究不同时间段热量资源对棉花产量的贡献。结果表明:石河子垦区热量资源丰富增加趋势明显;≥10℃积温、棉花生产期≥0℃积温、稳定通过10℃初终日、播种出苗期和裂铃至停止生长≥0℃积温对棉花产量影响显著。≥10℃积温低于3350℃·d、棉花生产期≥0℃积温低于3650℃·d棉花减产明显。播种出苗期和裂铃至停止生长期是棉花的热量关键期,对棉花产量的贡献分别为6.59%和5.95%。研究结果可为新疆石河子垦区棉花生产技术管理水平的提高提供理论参考。

To study the influence of heat resource change on cotton yield and key period in Shihezi reclamation area of Xinjiang,we collected various data,such as cotton per unit yield and temperature from 1961 to 2015,and the monitoring data of cotton phonological period from 1988 to 2017.We studied the contribution of heat resource to cotton yield in different time periods by means of polynomial separation of the climate yield,climatic tendency rate,simple regression and correlation coefficient analysis and so on.The results showed that:there was a significant increasing trend of heat resource in Shihezi reclamation area; the cotton yield was significantly influenced by the accumulated temperature of ≥10℃,the cotton production period accumulated temperature of ≥0℃,temperature stability through 10℃ both on the first day and last day,the accumulated temperature of ≥10℃ in the sowing and seedling stage and the period from cracked to the end of the growth; what’s more,the reduction of cotton yields was significantly influenced by the accumulated temperature of ≥ 10℃ lower than 3350℃·d,the cotton production period accumulated temperature of ≥0℃ lower than 3650℃·d; the sowing and seedling stage and the period from cracking to the end of the growth were the critical periods of the cotton heat,and their contribution to the cotton yield was 6.59% and 5.95%,respectively.The results can improve the technical management of cotton production in Shihezi reclamation area of Xinjiang.