不同光谱杀虫灯对苹果园害虫诱杀效果及灯下昆虫种群结构分析

Insecticidal Lamps with Different Spectrum:The Effect on Trapping Pest and Insect Population Structure in Apple Orchard

为探明不同光谱杀虫灯对苹果园害虫的诱杀效果,评估不同光谱杀虫灯对果园昆虫种群的影响。利用3种不同光谱杀虫灯于2015年7—8月在天水地区进行了苹果园害虫诱杀试验。结果表明,多光谱及LED多光谱杀虫灯的杀虫数量及杀虫谱优于频振式杀虫灯;频振式、多光谱、LED多光谱杀虫灯诱杀昆虫修正益害比分别为1:16.39、1:28.57、1:21.80;LED多光谱杀虫灯对鞘翅目、同翅目、半翅目及双翅目害虫诱杀效果优于其他杀虫灯;群落多样性参数分析显示,3种杀虫灯诱杀昆虫的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)分别为3.9231、3.6982、3.8134,均匀度(J)为0.7082、0.6399、0.6770。频振式、多光谱、LED多光谱杀虫灯对苹果园害虫均具有较好的防治效果,对天敌及中性昆虫均有一定的诱杀效果,本研究为太阳能杀虫灯科学使用提供了参考依据。

To explore the trapping effects of the insecticidal lamps with different spectrum on pests in apple orchard,and evaluate the effects on insect population structures,the authors carried out a trapping pests experiment in an apple orchard by insecticidal lamps with 3 kinds of spectrum from July to August in 2015 in Tianshui.The results showed that:the insecticidal quantities and insecticidal spectrum of insecticidal lamps with multi- spectrum and LED multi- spectrum were much better than that of the insecticidal lamp with frequency vibration type; the revised natural enemies and pests ratio of the insecticidal lamps with frequency vibration type,multi- spectrum and LED multi- spectrum was 1:16.39,1:28.57,1:21.80,respectively; the trapping effect of the insecticidal lamps with LED multi-spectrum on Coleoptera,Homoptera,Hemiptera and Diptera was better than that of the other lamps; parameter analysis of community diversity showed that:the Shannon- wiener index of trapping insect with the 3 kinds of insecticidal lamps was 3.9231,3.6982 and 3.8134; the evenness index was 0.7082,0.6399 and 0.6770.The insecticidal lamps with frequency vibration type,multi-spectrum and LED multi-spectrum all show a good control effect on pest in apple orchard,have a little trapping effect on natural enemies and neutral insects.This study provides a basis for scientific use of the solar insecticidal lamp.