不同密度及类型的诱捕器对烟田斜纹夜蛾诱捕和防治效果影响

Densities and Types of Traps Against Spodoptera litura:Trapping and Control Effects in Tobacco Field

研究性诱剂对斜纹夜蛾的诱捕和防治效果,为烟田大面积应用性诱剂防治斜纹夜蛾提供科学依据。在烤烟生长季节设置诱捕器,通过田间试验,研究了不同密度、改进型和自制塑料瓶诱捕器处理对烤烟斜纹夜蛾的防控效果,并分析了斜纹夜蛾在烤烟田间发生的时间动态。结果表明,斜纹夜蛾在当地烤烟生长期内有2次迁飞高峰期;随着诱捕器密度的增加,单位面积的诱蛾量增加,单诱捕器的诱蛾量减少,虫口减退率提高,最高可达89.19%;改进型诱捕器可显著提高诱芯的诱捕效率,平均每个诱捕器诱蛾量为173.67头,比常规诱捕器多57.34头,差异达显著水平(P<0.05);容积为4500 mL自制诱捕器诱蛾效果最好,平均诱蛾量达82.33头/个。对于广东烟区大面积推广时,推荐使用改进型诱捕器,烟田以放置7.5个/hm^2诱捕器为宜,并且鼓励烟农采用4500 mL废弃塑料瓶自制诱捕器。利用性诱技术可有效控制烟草斜纹夜蛾,减少农药使用量,降低农药残留,可将其纳入烟草斜纹夜蛾的绿色防治技术体系之中。

The research is to study the trapping and control efficacy of tobacco Spodoptera litura by sex pheromone trap in order to provide a scientific basis for its widespread application in the tobacco field.In the flue-cured tobacco growing season,a field experiment was conducted to study the control effects of different densities,improved and homemade plastic trap bottles on Spodoptera litura,and the temporal dynamics of Spodoptera litura in flue-cured tobacco field was analyzed.The results showed that:two migration peaks of Spodoptera litura occurred during flue-cured tobacco growing periods; with the increase of trap density,the catches per unit area increased,while the catches of single trap reduced,and the dropping rate of Spodoptera litura population increased,and the maximum rate was up to 89.19%; the improved trap could significantly increase the trapping efficiency of sex attractant which could averagely catch 173.67 per trap,which was 57.34 more than that of the traditional traps with significant difference (P<0.05); trapping efficacy was best when homemade traps with 4500 mL volume was used,and the average trapping number of each pheromone trap was 82.33.With its widespread promotion in Guangdong tobacco- growing areas,the improved traps are recommended as a carrier of pheromone,and trap density in the field with 7.5/hm2 is more suitable,and we should encourage farmers to adopt 4500 mL waste plastic bottles as homemade traps.Using sex pheromone could effectively control Spodoptera litura,decrease the application amount of pesticide,thus to reduce pesticide residues,and could be incorporated into the technical green control system of Spodoptera litura.