异质复合墙体日光温室的设计建造及保温性能的测定

Heterogeneous Composite Wall Solar Greenhouse: Design and Construction and the Determination of Insulation Performance

针对河北省现有日光温室保温性能差、土地利用率低、抗自然灾害能力弱、使用年限短、标准化水平不高的问题,设计建造新型异质复合墙体日光温室,利用巡检仪测定其保温性能。筛选出页岩实心砖、页岩多孔砖作为墙体承重材料,酚醛板、HD-STP真空绝热板、水泥基复合保温砂浆作为墙体保温材料,挤塑聚苯板作为后屋面保温材料;设计建造了4种异质复合墙体日光温室,净跨度10 m、矢高4.5 m,内砌页岩实心砖或页岩多孔砖,外贴保温隔热材料的墙体结构。37 cm厚的页岩实心红砖+5 cm厚的酚醛板的墙体传热系数为0.05 W/(m^2·K),传热系数最小、保温性能最优;冬暖Ⅱ型日光温室墙体(底部2.9 m、顶部1.5 m厚的粘土碾压成型土墙)传热系数为0.12 W/(m^2·K),居第2位、保温性能居第2位;第3、4、5位依次为37 cm厚的页岩多孔砖墙+5 cm厚的酚醛板墙体[0.53 W/(m^2·K)]、37 cm厚的页岩多孔砖墙+1 cm厚的STP真空绝缘板墙体[0.60 W/(m^2·K)]、37 cm厚的页岩实心红砖+5 cm厚的保温砂浆墙体[1.35 W/(m^2·K)]。本研究设计建造的异质复合墙体(37 cm厚的页岩实心红砖+5 cm厚的酚醛板)保温蓄热性能良好且优于冬暖Ⅱ型日光温室墙体,该温室可完全替代冬暖Ⅱ型日光温室。

In view of poor heat preservation performance,low land utilization rate,weak resistance to natural disasters,short service life and low level of standardization of the solar greenhouses in Hebei Province,new heterogeneous composite wall solar greenhouse was design was used to measure the thermal insulation performance. ed and constructed and the inspection instrument Shale solid bricks and shale porous bricks were screened out as load-bearing material of the heterogeneous composite wall of solar greenhouse.Phenolic board, HD-STP vacuum insulation board and cement-based composite insulation mortar were screened out as wall insulation materials.Extruded polystyrene board was screened out as back roof insulation material of solar greenhouse.Four types of the heterogeneous composite wall solar greenhouse were designed and constructed with a net span of 10 m and a height of 4.5 m.They were built with shale solid brick or shale porous brick.The exterior wall plastered phenolic board,HD-STP vacuum insulation board or wiping insulation mortar as the insulation board.The wall was built of 37cm shale solid red brick and 5cm phenolic board.Its heat-transfer coefficient was 0.05W/(m^2·K).It had the smallest heat transfer coefficient and the best thermal insulation properties.The wall of winter warm type Ⅱ solar greenhouse was built of 2.9 m bottom and 1.5 m top clay soil. Its heat-transfer coefficient was 0.12W/(m^2·K),ranked No.2.The 3rd wall was built of 37 cm shale porous brick and 5cm phenolic board,its heat-transfer coefficient was 0.53W/(m^2·K).The 4th wall was built of 37 cm shale porous brick and 1 cm STP vacuum insulation board,its heat-transfer coefficient was 0.60W/(m^2·K). The 5th wall was built of 37cm shale solid red brick and 5cm insulation mortar,its heat-transfer coefficient was 1.35W/(m^2·K).The heterogeneous composite wall consists of 37cm shale solid red brick and 5cm thick phenolic board,which has good thermal insulation and thermal storage properties and is superior to the wall of winter warm type Ⅱ solar greenhouse,and can completely replace winter warm type Ⅱ solar greenhouse.