5种卫生杀虫剂对登革热媒介伊蚊现场控制效果研究

Field control efficacy of Aedes vectors of dengue fever with five public health insecticides

目的观察5种卫生杀虫剂现场杀灭伊蚊成蚊效果,为控制伊蚊成蚊提供技术支持。方法 2017年6-10月将8%氯菊酯·胺菊酯微乳剂、10%胺·氯菊微乳剂、10%顺式氯氰菊酯水乳剂、10%氟氯氰菊酯水乳剂和10.4%氯菊·烯丙菊水乳剂,采用超低容量喷雾和绿篱技术相结合的方式,分别对南宁市5个居民区的白纹伊蚊进行灭蚊喷洒,观察施药前后5个试验区和1个空白对照区白纹伊蚊的密度变化,评估灭蚊效果。结果 5种卫生杀虫剂在喷洒后1、3、5、7、10和15 d伊蚊密度(停落指数)分别为2.0～4.0、1.0～2.0、1.0、1.0～2.0、2.0～4.0和3.0～5.0只/(人·h),相对密度下降率均>80%,持效期均>15 d;空白对照区的伊蚊密度分别为16.0、16.0、17.0、17.0、18.0和19.0只/(人·h);各试验区与空白对照区的伊蚊密度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 5种杀虫剂采用超低容量喷雾和绿篱技术施药,可快速杀灭伊蚊成蚊,控制效果明显,且持效可维持15 d以上。

Objective To evaluate the field efficacy of 5 insecticides on Aedes mosquitoes, providing the technical support for Aedes mosquito control. Methods Aedes mosquito control was conducted in 5 residential areas in Nanning city by combination of ultra-low volume(ULV) spray and barrier treatment technology with 8% chlorinulthrin, 10% aminulthrin,10% amine-chlorinulthrin, 10% cyanthrin and 10.4% permethrin from June to October in 2017. Observation was made for the change of Aedes albopictus density in above 5 treated areas and 1 untreated control area before and after spraying for evaluating their control efficacy. Results Aedes mosquitoes density(landing index) were 2.0-4.0, 1.0-2.0, 1.0, 1.0-2.0,2.0-4.0, and 3.0-5.0 only/person·hour following 5 insecticides spray on the day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 15 respectively, their reduction rates were more than 80% and their control lasted more over 15 days. The mosquito density in untreated control area were 16.0, 16.0, 17.0, 17.0, 18.0, and 19.0 only/person·hour. Differences were statistically significant(P<0.05) in Aedes densities between test areas and the untreated control area. Conclusion Above 5 insecticides could be used to control adult Aedes by ULV or barrier treatment, and their initial efficacy was quick and satisfactory, residual efficacy lasted more than 15 days.