中学校园欺凌:现状、后果及其应对策略——基于中国四省(市)与OECD国家数据的研究

School Bullying in Middle School:Current Status,Impacts and Coping Strategies

中国四省(市)与OECD国家数据的分析结果显示,中国四省(市)中学校园欺凌发生情况略高于OECD国家平均水平。不同性别、不同家庭和学校背景的学生在遭受校园欺凌方面存在明显差异。校园欺凌侵害不仅妨碍学生认知领域的教育表现,也对学生非认知领域的教育表现产生影响。家庭和学校在防范校园欺凌侵害方面发挥重要作用。为了有效防治校园欺凌,需要加强校园欺凌治理体系建设,全面综合防治各类校园欺凌;正视校园欺凌危害,加强对易受欺凌学生的保护;继续改善学校风气,塑造零欺凌校园环境;加大对于学生的支持力度,整合家校防范校园欺凌的力量。

Data analysis of China's four provinces and cities and OECD countries shows that school bullying in middle schools in China's four provinces and cities was slightly severer than that of the OECD "average;there were significant differences in exposure to bullying'between students with different gender and different family and school background;school bullying affected students'cognitive and non-cognitive performance;family and school played an important role in preventing school bullying.It is suggested that the school bullying prevention and treatment system should be enhanced to cope with all kinds of school bullying;the harmfulness of school bullying should be given enough attention and measures should be taken to protect students who are more likely to be bullying victims;the school climate should be improved and school environment with zero bullying should be cultivated;students should be given more supports and family and school should cooperate to prevent and,treat school bullying.