施氮量对盐碱土入渗特征参数影响的试验研究

An Experimental Study on Infiltration Parameters Between Nitrogen Application and Saline Alkali Soil

盐碱地上氮肥的使用不仅要注重经济效益,更要注重氮肥对盐碱地的影响。为了研究连续滴施氮肥条件下施氮量对盐碱土一维入渗参数的影响,采用不同施氮量(0、300、600、900 mg/L)和不同土壤含盐量(0.3%、0.9%、1.2%)组合,进行室内一维垂直盐碱土土柱的积水入渗试验。结果表明:盐碱土上施氮有降低其入渗性能的效果:随着施氮量的增加,0.3%和0.9%盐碱土入渗过程中累积入渗量和湿润锋曲线均呈下降-升高-下降的趋势;施氮量为600 mg/L时,入渗性能最好,施氮量过高或过低都会降低盐碱土的入渗特性,而施氮量对1.2%盐碱土入渗影响效果很小;在施氮量相同的情况下,含盐量0.3%的土壤入渗性能最好,含盐量1.2%的土壤入渗性能最差.该研究成果可结合新疆盐碱地上作物生长所需条件为其合理施氮提供指导。

The use of nitrogen fertilizer on saline alkali soil should not only focus on economic benefits,but also the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on saline alkali soil. In order to study the infiltration parameters between nitrogen application and saline alkali soil,a 1 D vertical saline soil column infiltration test is conducted with different nitrogen application( 0,300,600,900 mg/L) and different soil salt content( 0.3%,0.9%,1.2%). The results show that nitrogen application on the saline alkali soil reduces the infiltration; with the increase of nitrogen application,the infiltration parameters trend of 0.3% and 0.9% saline alkali soil is up-down-up; when nitrogen application is 600 mg/L,the infiltration property is the best,too high or too low nitrogen application will lower the infiltration property of alkaline soil; with the same nitrogen application,the soil infiltration property of salt content 0.3% is the best,and the soil infiltration property of salt content 1.2% is the worst.The research results can provide guidance for rational nitrogen application based on the conditions of crop growth in saline alkali soil of Xinjiang.