SO_4^(2-)/M_xO_y型固体超强酸的改性及应用进展

Modification and application of SO_4^(2-)/M_xO_y solid superacid

综述了近年来SO_4^(2-)/M_xO_y型固体超强酸在载体改性(引入稀土元素、其他金属、金属氧化物、分子筛等)和促进剂改性(S_2O_8^(2-)、MoO_3、WO_3等代替SO_4^(2-))等方面的研究进展,着重介绍了在有机合成(酯化反应、烷基化反应、异构化反应、脱水反应等)、光催化反应、燃料油氧化脱硫、生物柴油和电极材料等领域的应用;展望了SO_4^(2-)/M_xO_y型固体超强酸催化剂的研究和应用前景。

Latest researches in the modification of SO4^2- /MxOy solid superacid are reviewed from carrier and accelerant aspects. Carrier modification includes the addition of rare earth elements,other metals,metal oxides and molecular sieves,and accelerant can be modified by using S2O8^2- ,MoO3 and WO3 replacing of SO4^2- . The introduction emphasis is placed on the application of SO4^2- /MxOy solid superacid in organic synthesis ( esterification reaction, alkylation reaction,isomerization reaction and dehydration reaction) ,photocatalytic reaction,fuel oil desulfurization, biodiesel and electrode materials.The prospects on researches and applications of SO4^2-/MxOy solid superacid catalysts are predicted.