城市安全感知与文化差异——以两个美国城市街景图片的实验为例

Perception of Urban Security and Cultural Differences:Case Studies Based on Two American Cities Streetscape

基于关于街道安全文献的理论梳理以及案例研究的经验积累,本文利用城市视觉场景的可读性,对城市信息及安全感知信息进行有效量化,以纽约、波士顿两个城市部分街景图片为例,一方面探索影响街道空间视觉安全感知的影响因素,另一方面探究打分者不同的文化背景对安全感知评价的影响。实验发现管理程度及街道界面的透明度对安全感知有着重要的影响,而绿色植物、机动车及人与安全感知评价的关系并未得到显著的结果,需要更多角度及深入的研究讨论。此外,本文总结分析了由于历史文化及社会发展阶段的不同,会对城市安全感知过程带来不同的社会经验与判断。

Based on the theoretical review of street safety literature and the accumulation of case studies,this paper uses the readability of urban visual scene to quantify urban information and information of security perception effectively,taking some street scenes of New York and Boston as examples. On one hand,this study explores the factors that affect visual security perception of street space,on the other hand,it explores the impact of different cultural backgrounds of scorers on safety perception evaluation.It is found that the degree of management and the transparency of the street interface have an important impact on safety perception,while the influence that green plants,motor vehicles and human beings have onsafety perception evaluation has not been found significant, which requires more perspective and in-depth research and discussion.In addition,this paper summarizes and analyses the different social experience and judgments in the process of urban safety perception due to the different historical,cultural and social development stages.