推进运输结构调整政策的思考

Discussion on the Policies of Transportation Structural Adjustment

随着大气环境保护成为政府和社会关注的焦点,2018年中央财经会议对运输结构调整提出明确要求,并相继出台一系列政策。本文对近几年的运输结构调整政策进行了梳理,总结划分为地方试点、正式提出和明确目标三个阶段,并结合我国公路和铁路运输发展特点对政策演变开展内涵分析,从大气治理发展阶段、结构调整目标的提出时机、政策推进的特点三个角度进行了规律和特征总结。在此基础上,研究提出了运输结构调整发展方向,即在行政手段短期内有效解决环境问题的情况下,应通过今后较长时期多种提升运输效率举措的施行,从根本上促进运输结构逐步自行调整趋于合理,实现多种运输方式协调发展的长远目标。

With the protection of atmosphere and environment becoming the focus of government and society, the Central Finance and Economics Conference in 2018 made clear requirements for the adjustment of transport structure, and successively issued a series of policies.This paper reviews the transportation structure adjustment policies in recent years, and summarizes them into three stages:local pilot, formal proposal and clear target.Combined with the characteristics of China’s highway and railway transport,connotation analysis on policy evolution was conducted. Rules and characteristics are summarized from the perspectives of the development stage of atmospheric governance, the timing of structural adjustment targets, and the characteristics of policy promotion. In conclusion, the research puts forward the development direction of transport structural adjustment, that is,in the case of effectively solving environmental problems in the short-term by administrative means, the government should fundamentally promote the transport structure through the implementation of various transportation efficiency measures, make it gradually adjust to the rationality, and achieves the long-term goal of coordinated development of multiple modes of transport.