2015年湖北省武汉市5岁以下儿童病毒性腹泻病原学研究

Etiology of virus caused diarrhea in children aged <5 years in Wuhan, 2015

目的调查2015年湖北省武汉市<5岁儿童病毒性腹泻的流行病学特征。方法收集2015年武汉市儿童医院<5岁全部腹泻患儿粪便标本及相关临床信息,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测A组轮状病毒(RV),PCR方法检测肠道腺病毒(AdV),反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测诺如病毒(NoV)、札如病毒(SaV)、B组和C组轮状病毒及星状病毒(AstV),利用巢式RT-PCR对轮状病毒进行G/P基因分型。分析病毒性腹泻病原分子流行特征。结果 2015年武汉市<5岁全部腹泻患儿3 009例,病毒性腹泻病例流行季节以RV最为明显,9—11月病例数占阳性病例数的50.3%;NoV的流行高峰在9—10月,占阳性比例的40.9%。AdV占2.0%、AstV占1.8%,SaV、B组和C组RV未检出。病毒性腹泻的发病年龄主要为<2岁婴幼儿。RV毒株G型与P型血清型分型结果显示,G型与P型组合则主要以G3P[8]和G1P[8]为主,构成比分别为37.4%和17.9%。结论武汉市儿童病毒性腹泻病例携带的病原体具有多样性,以RV为主,主要流行株为G3P[8]。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in children under 5 years of age in Wuhan.Methods From January to December 2015,the clinical data of the diarrhea cases and fecal specimens were collected in Wuhan Children's Hospital Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was used to detect group A rotavirus,PCR was used to detect adenovirus,the reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR)was used to detect norovirus,sapovirus,astrovirus,group B and group C rotavirus and nested PCR was used to detect GP genotypes of rotavirus.The molecular epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in children aged <5 years was analyzed in Wuhan,2015.Results The detection rate of the virus causing diarrhea showed that the main pathogen was still rotavirus,especially from September to November,rate of 50.3%in positive.The norovirus infection was higher during September-October,accounted for 40.9%.Adenovirus accounted for 2.0%,astrovirus accounted for about 1.8%,while no sapovirus,group B and group C rotavirus were detected.Viral diarrhea mainly occurred in children aged <2years.Among rotavirus group A,G3P [8](37.4%)and G1P [8](17.9%)were the most common genotype.Conclusion The pathogen spectrum of children viral diarrhea in Wuhan was diverse.Rotavirus was the major pathogen causing viral diarrhea.G3P [8]was the most common genotypes ofrotavirus group A.