从烷基化产物组成探究烷基化反应

Explore the alkylation reaction from compositions of alkylation products

通过对多套硫酸烷基化产物(烷油)的组分分析发现:烷油中组分众多,含有100多个组分,其中3种主要组分的质量分数约60%,是主要的高辛烷值组分;组分高度异构,异构烷烃质量分数达95%以上;烷油组分与原料中烯烃组分品种关联度不高,说明产品质量与原料品质(烯烃品种)无关。由此推断烷基化反应过程以加成反应和异构化反应为主,反应向分子结构最稳定的3种C_8异构物转化,同时伴随着裂解、歧化等副反应。

Through the analysis of the components of several sulfuric acid alkylation products( alkylate),it is found that there are more than 100 components in alkylate. The mass fraction of three main components is about 60%,which is the main high-octane component. The components are highly heterogeneous with the mass fraction of isomeric alkane reaching over 95%; The components in alkylate are not closely related to the olefin components in the feedstock. Therefore,the product quality has no relation with the quality of feedstocks( olefin varieties). It is concluded that the alkylation reaction process is dominated by addition reaction and isomerization reaction,and the reaction is transformed to produce the three isomers of 8 carbons with the most stable molecular structure. At the same time,the reaction is accompanied by side reactions such as cracking reaction,disproportionation reactions,etc.