基于六步法课程开发模式的肿瘤科护士姑息照护培训课程的设计与实践

Development and implementation of palliative care curriculum for oncology nurses based on Kern's six-step approach

目的探讨肿瘤科护士的姑息照护培训课程的设计方法及效果。方法按照六步法课程开发模式设计肿瘤科护士姑息照护培训课程,对上海市45所医院的45名护士进行了培训。课程前后采用姑息照护知识问卷和姑息照护态度评估问卷评估肿瘤科护士姑息照护知识和态度水平,运用案例分析评分了解学员综合知识运用能力,采用问卷调查课程满意度。结果培训后,学员姑息照护的知识和态度高于培训前(P<0.05);43名学员案例分析得分超过80分,学员对课程的总体评价得分为4.76±0.48,开放性问题结果分析显示学员对课程满意主要表现为:课程内容与临床紧密结合、课程内容丰富、课程内容实用、互动式学习增强学习效果、案例教学利于理解学习内容。结论基于六步法设计的肿瘤科护士姑息照护培训课程符合临床护士的需要,提高了肿瘤科护士的姑息照护水平。

Objective To develop and evaluate a curriculum in palliative care for oncology nurse.Methods Kem's six-step approach in curriculum development was used.Forty-five nurses from 45 hospitals in Shanghai were enrolled in the study.Palliative care knowledge and attitude were tested using the Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing and an end-of-life attitudes scale before and after the curriculum.Case analysis scores were used to evaluate the learners'palliative care ability and a curriculum satisfaction questionnaire was applied to investigate learners'satisfaction.Results Post test scores were significantly higher(P<0.05)than pretest scores regarding palliative care knowledge and attitude.Forty-three learners'case analysis score exceeded 80 points,and the general satisfaction scores of learners on the curriculum were 4.76±0.48.The analysis of open questions showed that learners were satisfied with:contents of the curriculum which were closely related to the clinical scenario,abundant contents,practical curriculum,interactive learning,and cases-based learning.Conclusion The curriculum based on Kem's six-step approach could meet the needs of oncology nurses,and is effective in improving their palliative care knowledge and attitude.