基于稻壳及有机硅废弃触体制备3C-SiC晶须的研究

Preparation of silicon carbide whisker based on rice husk and wasted contact in organicsilicane synthesis

稻壳作为一种可再生的生物质资源,最大资源化利用稻壳中的碳(C)和硅(Si)制备碳化硅(SiC)晶须及其复合材料,对解决资源短缺、保护环境具有重要意义。为发挥稻壳和有机硅废弃触体组分的特点,以两者共混物为原料,在较低温度下,通过镍(Ni)催化裂解制备立方相碳化硅(3C-SiC)晶须。并对产物的形貌、组成、物相进行表征分析,考察反应温度、稻壳与触体物料配合比、催化剂用量对3C-SiC晶须生成影响。结果表明:在稻壳∶有机硅废弃触体的质量配合比为2∶1,催化剂六水合硝酸镍[Ni(NO_3)_2·6H_2O)]用量为3%(wt.,质量分数),反应时间为2h,反应温度为1250℃条件下,制得的3C-SiC的晶须长达20μm。

It is of great significance to prepare SiC whisker and its composite materials using biomass resource of rice husk as raw material by which could realize the maximum utilization of C and Si from rice husk,solve the shortage of resources and protect the environment from the pollution of wasted rice husk.By considering the advantage of component features of rice husk and the wasted contact produced in organicsilicane synthesis,3C-SiC whiskers were prepared with above components as raw materials and Ni as catalyst at a lower temperature.The morphology,composition and crystalline phase of products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS) and powder X ray diffraction (XRD).The effects of reaction temperature,the mass ratio of components and catalyst dosage on the formation of 3C-SiC whiskers were investigated.The results showed that in conditions of rice husk:organic silicon waste contact quality ratio 2∶1,hexahydrate nickel nitrate(Ni(NO3)2·6H2O) dosage 3%(Wt.,mass score),the reaction time 2H,the reaction temperature 1250 °C,the length of 3C-SiC whiskers was up to 20μm.