南极植物生产系统概述与分析

Review and Analysis of Antarctic Plant Production Facilities

植物是受控生态生保系统中的关键生物部件,可以为乘员提供食物、氧气和净水,同时可以起到一定的心理支持作用。世界各国/组织在南极开展了多年的植物生产系统研究和实施工作,研制了不同类型的植物生产系统。这些系统不仅为南极考察人员提供了一定的食物供给,也为推动受控生态生保系统的发展提供了技术支持和试验验证。本文总结和分析了南极曾经建设或现有的植物生产系统,对比分析了这些植物生产系统的建设目的、规模、类型和自动化程度等具体信息,并展望了南极植物生产系统未来的发展趋势。

As a biological component in the controlled ecological life support system (CELSS),the higher plant can not only provide food,oxygen and purified water for the crew,but also can provide certain psychological support.Many plant production facilities have been developed and operated in the Antarctic since as early as 1902.These facilities not only produced foods such as vegetables and fruits for Antarctic crews,but also promoted the developments of CELSS.In this paper,the past plant production facilities and the present operational facilities in the Antarctic were summed up and analyzed including their purposes,scales,automation levels and so on.In the end,the development trend of the facilities in the future was prospected.