精神分裂症患者的元认知缺陷及其影响

Metacognitive Deficits in Patients with Schizophrenia and Their Impact

元认知涉及一系列从离散(认识到具体的思维和情感)到合成(将不同的想法整合成对自我或他人复杂的表征)的心理活动。研究发现精神分裂症患者元认知能力受损,这种元认知缺陷与患者的症状、认知功能、社会功能及其生活质量等密切相关,因此,元认知能力的改善至关重要。本文从离散元认知和综合元认知两个新视角阐述了精神分裂症患者的元认知缺陷,未来研究应结合脑影像和电生理技术,继续探查精神分裂症患者元认知受损的深层机制,并完善相关的干预体系。

Abstract Metacognition refers to a series of psychological activities ranging from discreteness (recognizing specific thoughts or emotions)to synthesis (integrating different thoughts into a complex representation of the self and others).Research has showed that patients with schizophrenia suffer from deficits in metacognition,which are closely linked to their symptoms,cognitive functions,social functions and quality of life.Therefore,it is essential to improve their metacognition.The present study illustrates these deficits from the perspectives of dis- creteness and synthesis,and suggests that the future research should,based on brain imaging and electrophysiological techniques,explore the deep mechanisms for the metacognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia,and improve the relevant system of interventions.