摘要
改革开放以来,中国农村扶贫开发经历了不同的实践阶段,从宏观背景、贫困特征、扶贫理念、主要措施、减贫成效等方面,系统梳理中国治贫的阶段性特征和本土性经验意义重大。总体上,从广义的、救济式扶贫到建立制度、有组织有计划的开发式扶贫和攻坚式扶贫,再到保障与发展并重的精准扶贫,中国扶贫实践始终坚持开发式扶贫理念,逐渐形成政府、市场、社会"三位一体"的大扶贫开发格局,构建起包含保障型、支持型、开发型的综合性扶贫政策体系。中国将扶贫开发纳入到国家宏观发展战略中,制定目标明确的扶贫开发规划,利用制度优势高效整合扶贫资源并加大投入力度,及时改进和完善扶贫举措,确保减贫目标的实现。中国扶贫实践的诸多经验做法对其他发展中国家具有重要的借鉴意义。
Since reform and opening-up, China’s rural poverty alleviation and development has experienced different stages. It is of significance to review the stage characteristics and native experiences of anti-poverty practice from macro-background, poverty features, poverty alleviation concept, main measures and poverty reduction effect. Overall, China’s government has always insisted on development-oriented poverty alleviation concept from generalized and relief-type step to planned and organized step then to targeted poverty alleviation step. Then, a great trinity input pattern of anti-poverty resources has gradually formed, and a comprehensive anti-poverty policy system included livelihood security policy, support policy and development policy has been built. What’s more, China has also taken several countermeasures to ensure the poverty reduction goals, such as brought anti-poverty action into macro development strategy, worked out goal-oriented poverty alleviation plans and integrated resources efficiently based on institutional advantageand improved anti-poverty measures. In general, China’s poverty alleviation has made a great achievement and taken a tremendous contribution for poverty reduction in the world. Therefore, the Chinese experience of poverty alleviation has important reference value for other developing countries.
作者
乔陆印
何琼峰
Qiao Luyin;He Qiongfeng
出处
《社会主义研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期67-75,共9页
Socialism Studies
基金
2015年度国家自然科学基金青年项目"农户可持续生计视角下我国乡村旅游精准扶贫研究"(41501193)
关键词
中国扶贫开发
精准扶贫
开发式扶贫
综合减贫体系
世界启示
China's Poverty Alleviation and Development
Targeted Poverty Alleviation
Developmentoriented Poverty Alleviation
Comprehensive Poverty Alleviation System
World Enlightenmen.t