地中海贫血患儿和家长的精神心理及管理

Mental psychological and management of children with thalassemia and their parents

采用艾森克人格问卷、Achenbach儿童行为量表、SF-36的生活质量问卷、Cochrane数据库分析等方法研究发现,重型地中海贫血(地贫)患儿存在社会能力差、焦虑、抑郁、社交退缩和多动等心理行为问题。患儿家长经历震惊、否认、悲伤和愤怒、适应和认知心理变化5个阶段,然后逐渐适应。可通过患者教育、认知疗法、行为疗法、心理弹性培养、聚焦解决模式进行干预治疗地贫患儿及家长的心理行为问题,帮助地贫患儿更好地应对日常生活,履行社会的角色,取得更好的生活质量。

Previous study using Eysenck personality questionnaire,Achenbach children's behavior checklist,SF-36 quality of life questionnaire,Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and other methods found that the children with thalassemia major had psychological behavior problems,such as poor social competence,anxiety,depression,social withdrawal,hyperactivity.Their parents experienced shock,denial,sadness and anger,adaptation and cognitive psychological changes, then gradually adapted over time.Patients education,cognitive therapy,behavioral therapy,mental resilience training,focused coping model of intervention in the treatment of children with thalassemia and their parents'psychological behavior problems can help them better cope with daily life,fulfill the role of society,and achieve better quality of life.