2017年北京市顺义区中小学生伤害流行现况调查

Investigation on the Prevalence of Injury Among Primary and Secondary School Students in Shunyi District of Beijing in 2017

目的了解北京市顺义区中小学生伤害流行现状,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取顺义区6所中小学校学生进行问卷调查,了解过去12个月伤害发生情况和伤害相关行为发生情况。结果顺义区中小学生伤害共计调查1093名学生,伤害发生率为16.83%(184/1093),其中男生为19.63%(105/535),女生为14.16%(79/558);小学生、初中生和高中生伤害发生率分别为16.39%(89/543)、19.93%(55/276)和14.60%(40/274);城区学校学生伤害发生率为22.22%(120/540),乡镇学校伤害发生率为11.57%(64/553)。伤害类型以跌倒/坠落(52.17%,96/184)、钝器伤(10.87%,20/184)、锐器伤(10.33%,19/184)为主;伤害发生地点以学校最多,占44.57%(82/184);伤害发生时前3位的活动依次为行走(28.80%,53/184)、体育活动(25.54%,47/184)和休闲娱乐(20.11%,37/184)。受伤部位以下肢和上肢为主,共占73.91%(136/184)。受伤后主要以急诊室/门诊/校医室就诊为主,占55.98%(103/184)。伤害相关行为发生率较高的主要是运动前经常不做热身和乘车经常不系安全带,分别为60.66%(663/1093)和59.19%(647/1093)。结论顺义区中小学生伤害发生率较高,伤害相关行为发生情况不容乐观,应加强社会、学校及家庭的联合干预。

Objective To understand the prevalence of injury among primary and secondary school students in Shunyi district,Beijing,and to provide scientific evidence for formulating intervention measures. Methods Using multi-stage Stratified random sampling method,students from 6 primary and secondary schools in Shunyi district were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey to understand the occurrence of injury and the related behaviors of injuries in the past 12 months. Results A total of 1 093 students were surveyed in primary and secondary school students in Shunyi district,and the injury rate was 16. 83%( 184/1 093),including 19. 63%( 105/535) for boys and 14. 16%( 79/558) for girls. The incidence of injury among primary school students,junior high school students and senior high school students was 16. 39%( 89/543),19. 93%( 55/276) and14. 60%( 40/274),respectively; and the injury rate was 22. 22%( 120/540) in urban schools and 11. 57%( 64/553) in township schools. Types of injuries were falling( 52. 17%,96/184),blunt instrument injuries( 10. 87%,20/184),and sharp instrument injuries( 10. 33%,19/184); most of injuries occurred in the schools,accounting for 44. 57%( 82/184); the top three activities were walking( 28. 80%, 53/184), sports activities( 25. 54%,47/184) and recreation( 20. 11%,37/184). The lower extremities and the upper extremities accounted for 73. 91%( 136/184) of the injured parts. After the injury,the emergency and outpatient departments and school infirmaries were the main treatment place,accounting for 55. 98%. The main reasons for the high incidence of injury-related behaviors included failure to warm up before exercise and failure to wear seat belts when traveling by bus or car,accounting for 60. 66%( 663/1 093) and 59. 19%( 647/1 093),respectively. Conclusion The incidence of injury among primary and middle school students in Shunyi district is high,and the occurrence of injury-related behavior is serious,and joint interventions by society,schools,and families should be strengthened.