“预期”与哈耶克终身问题——基于《法律、立法与自由》(第一卷)

Expectation and Hayek's lifelong Attention——Based on Law Legislation and Liberty (Volume One)

秩序是"……正确的预期……或……被证明为正确的预期"。针对"个人互动与社会整体秩序间关系以及秩序与规则间关系"这一哈耶克终身问题,"预期"提供了一个实际可行的视角。如何正确理解预期,这涉及哈耶克的知识观,以及预期的"规则—文化"设定,乃至"合法预期"等内容。具体而言,由预期、个人行动者、法律(规则)、整体社会秩序前后相续的逻辑勾连开放出哈耶克终身问题的解决路径。作为一种制度而存在的法官作为能动的因素使预期的维护获得制度意义上的保障。至于预期是否真正解决,以及在何种程度上解决了哈耶克终身问题,这还需予以具体的历史的审视。

Order is the right Expectation or proved to be the right Expectation.For Hayek’s lifelong Attention, which also named the relationship between individual interaction and social whole order and the relationship between order and rules,Expectation provides a practical perspective to analyse Order.How to correctly understand Expectation is related to Hayek’s Epistemology and the setting of rules and law.Particularly, the logic connection between Expectation, the individual actor, the law(rules),and the social whole order is open to the solution of Hayek’s lifelong Attention.Judges,as a systemic and a dynamic factor,are benefit to the maintenance of expectation.As to the question whether Expectation solved Hayek’s lifelong Attention, it should be estimated concretely and historically.