ICU护士职业压力水平调查及其与健康商数的相关性研究

Investigation on occupational stress level among ICU nurses and its correlation with health quotient

目的:调查ICU护士职业压力水平,分析其与健康商数的相关性。方法:随机抽取本市3家三级甲等医院ICU 276名护士作为研究对象,收集一般资料,并采用ICU护士工作压力源量表和健康商数问卷量表进行职业压力水平与健康商数调查,分析ICU护士职业压力影响因素及其与健康商数的相关性。结果:(1)发放276份问卷,收回有效问卷255份,有效回收率为92. 39%;(2)职业压力总分为(96. 87±15. 78)分,7个压力源分块的平均转换得分在2. 11~3. 23分之间,转换得分前3位为病人护理、晋升和奖金、工作环境;(3)工龄(P=0. 033)、每周工作时间(P=0. 035)、每周晚夜班频次(P=0. 023)为ICU护士职业压力的独立影响因素;(4)健康商数总分为(23. 47±6. 89)分,实际得分为(7. 18±2. 04)分,职业压力与健康商数呈负相关(r=-0. 472,P=0. 031)。结论:ICU护士的职业压力处于中等偏上水平,压力前3位为病人护理、晋升和奖金、工作环境;工龄、每周工作时间、每周晚夜班频次是ICU护士职业压力的独立影响因素。职业压力与健康商数呈负相关,应积极缓解职业压力,提高健康商数。

Objective:To investigate the occupational stress level among ICU nurses and analyze its correlation with health quotient.Methods:A total of 276 nurses from ICU units in 3 tertiary hospitals in our city were randomly selected as subjects.General information was collected and the ICU nurses' work stress scale and health quotient questionnaire were used to determine occupational stress levels and health quotient.The effects of occupational stress in ICU nurses and its correlation with health quotient was analyzed.Results:(1)255 valid questionnaires were returned from 276 questionnaires,and the effective recovery rate was 92.39%; (2)The total score of occupational stress was (96.87±15.78),and the average conversion score of 7 stress source blocks was between 2.11 and 3.23.The top three scores were patient care,promotion and bonus,work environment; (3)Working years(P = 0.033),working hours per week(P = 0.035)and night shift frequency per week (P = 0.023)were the independent influencing factors of occupational stress of ICU nurses; (4)The total score of health quotient was (23.47±6.89).The actual score was (7.18±2.04),and the occupational stress was negatively correlated with the health quotient (r = - 0.472,P = 0.031).Conclusion:Although ICU nurses have a good score of health quotients,considering their unique occupational characteristics,we should actively relieve their occupational stress and improve their health quotient.