数字孪生技术综述与展望

Summary and perspective survey on digital twin technology

随着复杂系统诊断、预测和系统健康管理技术的不断发展,在新兴的工业信息系统和工业智能的推动下,数字孪生技术成为智能制造领域和复杂系统智能运行和维护领域的新兴研究热点。鉴于此,针对数字孪生技术在复杂工业系统和复杂装备领域的基本概念、应用前景、技术内涵以及发展趋势、已有初步研究规划和阶段性成果等进行梳理,归纳面向复杂工业系统和复杂装备的智能运行和维护领域的数字孪生技术体系、关键技术、发展趋势和技术挑战等,分析数字孪生与其支撑的工业大数据、云计算、人工智能、虚拟现实等的相互支撑和相互促进的关系,预期能够给复杂系统诊断、预测和系统健康管理领域对数字孪生技术感兴趣研究人员提供一定的参考和借鉴。

As the diagnostics,prognostics and system health management of complex industrial system develop continuously in recent years,promoted by new industrial information system and industrial intelligence,the digital twin technology becomes a new research hotspot in the fields of intelligent manufacturing and intelligent operation and maintenance of complex systems.Thus,this paper summarizes the basic concept,application prospect,technical connotation,development trend,existing preliminary research plan and interim research result of digital twin technology in complex industrial system and complex equipment fields.The technical framework, key technologies,development trend,technical challenges and etc.of the digital twin technology facing to the fields of intelligent operation and maintenance of complex industrial systems and complex equipment are summarized;especially the mutual support and mutual promotion relationship between digital twin and its supported industrial big data,cloud computing,artificial intelligence,virtual reality and etc.is analyzed.This paper is expected to provide a reference to the researchers working in the field of diagnostics, prognostics and system health management of complex system who are interested in digital twin technology.