原发性高血压患者中医证候分布特征及其与年龄相关性研究

Syndrome Distribution Characteristic of Chinese Medicine in Patients with Essential Hypertension and Its Correlation with Age

目的:运用因子分析和聚类分析的方法探究原发性高血压患者中医证候分布规律,并采用χ^2检验初步探讨原发性高血压患者中医证候分布与年龄的相关性。方法:采用流行病学调查方法,纳入889例有阳性症状患者的四诊信息,运用统计软件SPSS 22.0对其进行描述性统计,对常见症状进行因子分析和聚类分析,进而对其证候要素与年龄进行χ^2检验。结果:原发性高血压患者有头痛、头晕、健忘等36个常见症状;构建出8个因子30条目高血压证候模型,涉及的证候要素为阳亢、阴虚、阳虚、痰湿,病位为肝、脾、肾;可聚为痰湿壅盛、肝肾阴虚、肝火炽盛、肾阳亏虚4个证型。结果青年组以实证居多,老年组以虚证居多。结论:原发性高血压患者可分为痰湿壅盛证、肝肾阴虚证、肝火炽盛证、肾阳亏虚证四大类。随着年龄的增长,患者正气亏虚的表现愈加显著。

Objective:To explore the syndrome distribution rule of Chinese medicine in patients with essential hypertension based on factor analysis and clustering analysis and to explore the correlation between syndrome of Chinese medicine and age by the ehi-square test.Methods :Epidemiological investigation methods were adopted to collect the information from the four diagnostic methods in total 889 patients with essential hypertension.Descriptive statistics was conducted by using statistical software SPSS 22.0 on the general symptoms.Factor analysis and clustering analysis were conducted on the common symptoms.The chi-square test was carried out on syndrome factors and age.Results:There were total 36common symptoms in patients with essential hypertension,including headache,dizziness,amnesia,etc,and establishing 8factors-30 items in hypertension syndrome model.The involved syndrome factors inelude:yang hyperactivity,yin deficiency,yang deficiency,phlegm and dampness.The disease locations include:the liver,spleen and kidneys.It could be clustered into 4syndrome types:accumulation of excessive phlegm and dampness syndrome,liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome,hyperactivity of liver fire syndrome,and kidney yang deffciency syndrome.Youth group was mainly the excessive syndrome while the elderly group mainly deficiency syndrome. Conclnsions:Patients with essential hypertension could be divided into four types :accumulation of excessive phlegm and dampness syndrome,liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome,hyperactivity of liver fire syndrome,and kidney qi deficiency is yang deficiency more and more syndrome.Healthy significant with aging of patients.