太阳能建筑外墙传热系数朝向差异设计研究

STUDY ON DIFFERENCE OF HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN DIFFERENT FACING ORIENTATION EXTERIOR WALL OF SOLAR BUILDING

结合太阳能建筑室外热作用朝向差异显著的特点,对不同朝向外墙单位面积日平均失热量进行分析,提出“传热系数朝向差异”的太阳能建筑墙体热工设计方法。借助建筑分析模型,确立墙体节材量随基础传热系数和室内计算温度的变化关系;对比分析拉萨、银川及西安3个地区太阳能建筑的墙体节材性特点及传热系数朝向差异设计下的墙体内壁面温度动态变化规律。结果表明:采用墙体传热系数朝向差异化设计可减少墙材用量,且太阳辐射强度越高的地区节材性越明显,该方法不会对室内热环境产生不利影响。

Combined with the significant difference of outdoor thermal action orientation of solar buildings,the daily average heat loss per unit area of different facing orientation external walls is analyzed,and a thermal design method for solar building walls with different heat transfer coefficients in different facing orientations is proposed.The building analysis model is used to establish the relationship between the quantity of saved wall material and the basic heat transfer coefficient and the indoor calculated temperature.The wall material saving characteristics of solar buildings in Lhasa, Yinchuan and Xi'an,and the dynamic change law of internal wall face temperature under different facing orientation design of heat transfer coefficient are comparative analyzed,respectively.The results show that using the different facing orientation design of wall heat transfer coefficient can reduce wall material usage,and the higher the solar radiation intensity,the more obvious the material saving is,the method will not adversely affect the indoor thermal environment.