语法化动因的语用规律阐释

A Pragmatic Approach to the Motivation of Grammaticalization

语法化现有研究多集中探讨语言历时演变过程与机制,但对演化动因及支配性规律阐述不足。对此,本研究认为,语法化进程中的主观化和礼貌等因素反映语言使用者的自主性,语言演化过程中的隐喻、转喻、经济等诱因则凸显语言使用者的理性。支配言语配置的语用规律同样能左右语法演化进程,语用学的自主性规律以及经济规律都能有效解读语法化动因。语言与言语的共通性呼应了语法化的语用推理本质说,彰显了句法-语用界面研究的合理性。

Despite numerous studies on the diachronic process and evolutionary mechanisms in grammaticalization,few interpretations are found on the motivations and governing principles in this evolution. To address the problem, this study argues that subjectification and politeness reflect the autonomy of speakers in the process of grammaticalization,while the triggering factors, such as metaphor,metonymy and economy in language evolution indicate the rationality of speakers. Also,pragmatic principles could exert an influence on grammaticalization, since the autonomy principle is based on subjectification and politeness. The pragmatic economy principle could also offer convincing interpretations to grammaticalization. The intercommunity between language and parole is in line with the hypothesis of the key role played by pragmatic inferencing in grammaticalization,which has also justified the reasonability of the syntax-pragmatic interface study.