盐酸奥普力农对心脏瓣膜置换术后患者心功能改善及血流动力学的影响

Effects of oprinon hydrochloride on cardiac function improvement and hemodynamics in patients after cardiac valve replacement

目的评价盐酸奥普力农对心脏瓣膜置换术后是否能增加心脏泵血功能和稳定血流动力学,防治术后常见并发症的有效性和安全性。方法选择2018年1月至8月在郑州大学第一附属医院行心脏瓣膜置换术后患者62例,以使用奥普力农的32例患者为观察组,以使用米力农的30例患者为对照组。两组均接受基础治疗,观察组在此基础上给予盐酸奥普力农注射液持续静脉泵入48h,对照组在此基础上给予米力农注射液持续静脉泵入48h。观察两组用药前后生命体征(血压、心率、呼吸)变化情况,心功能改善情况,血流动力学指标变化情况,记录生化指标变化情况,不良反应发生情况。出院后随访1个月,观察心血管事件发生情况(恶化、再住院、死亡)。结果两组治疗后左室射血分数(LVEF)、中心静脉压(CVP)、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)、动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、N-末端B型钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)、乳酸、血肌酐(SCr)和血钠、钾水平与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义〔LVEF:对照组为0.52±0.09比0.60±0.09,观察组为0.62±0.12比0.50±0.11;CVP(mmHg,1mmHg=0.133kPa):对照组为11.2±2.8比13.0±2.9,观察组为13.0±2.5比10.5±3.6;SaO2:对照组为0.98(0.90,0.99)比0.99(0.98,1.00),观察组为0.95(0.94,0.98)比0.96(0.90,1.00);PaO2(mmHg):对照组为100.5(63.8,135.3)比99.5(82.3,179.5),观察组为95.0(85.5,129.0)比75.5(59.0,138.3);NT-proBNP(pg/L):对照组为1.45(1.34,3.31)比0.92(0.42,1.81),观察组为0.47(0.35,1.37)比2.07(1.27,4.44);乳酸(mmol/L):对照组为3.6(2.4,4.5)比1.4(1.2,3.1),观察组为1.3(1.1,2.1)比3.1(1.4,3.7);SCr(μmol/L):对照组为106.7±35.9比84.4±20.3,观察组为96.5±40.7比77.1±23.1;钠(mmol/L):对照组为141.4±7.2比143.6±4.2,观察组为142.9±3.6比140.5±4.5;钾(mmol/L):对照组为4.6±0.9比4.8±0.6,观察组为4.8±0.6比4.1±0.6,均P>0.05〕;观察组与对照组治疗后外周动脉压(PAP)、白细胞计数(WBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板计数(PLT)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义〔PAP(mmHg):对照组为33.0(24.0,59.3)比38.0(34.8,46.0),观察组为30.0(25.0,32.0)比53.5(29.3,66.5);WBC(×109/L):对照组为12.2(10.4,13.9)比5.7(4.4,8.6),观察组为:8.4(3.7,11.8)比8.6(5.7,12.4);Hb(g/L):对照组为95.6±12.9比130.3±15.0,观察组为111.1±22.6比112.4±24.6;PLT(×109/L):对照组为95.2±21.3比168.7±32.6,观察组为146.3±68.1比132.7±45.1;ALT(U/L):对照组为36.5(15.3,80.5)比14.0(11.0,19.0),观察组为15.0(10.0,32.3)比20.3(12.0,35.8);AST(U/L):对照组为33.0(20.0,83.0)比16.5(16.7,28.8),观察组为35.5(12.3,56.8)比75.5(45.3,140.3),均P<0.05〕;对照组治疗后尿素氮(BUN)水平较治疗前升高(mmol/L:11.4±4.7比7.1±2.5),观察组降低(mmol/L:6.5±3.3比9.1±3.8),两组治疗后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗后收缩压、呼吸频率水平与治疗前相比差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);观察组治疗后舒张压升高,对照组治疗前后比较差异不大,观察组治疗后舒张压高于对照组(mmHg:67.8±9.9比62.0±10.5,P<0.05)。根据美国纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能疗效评分标准,观察组总有效率高于对照组〔93.7%(30/32)比83.3%(25/30),P>0.05〕。观察组与对照组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义〔12.5%(4/32)比30.0%(9/30),P>0.05〕。患者出院后随访1个月,对照组有9例(30.0%)因发生心力衰竭再住院,观察组有3例(9.4%)因发生心力衰竭再住院,两组再住院率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论盐酸奥普力农能有效改善心脏瓣膜置换术后患者的心功能,且有利于维持血流动力学的稳定。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oprinon hydrochloride in increasing cardiac pump function and stabilizing hemodynamics and preventing common complications after cardiac valve replacement. Methods Sixty-two patients were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January to August 2018 to undergo cardiac valve replacement operation, post-operatively, 32 patients using oprinon hydrochloride were in the observation group and 30 patients using milrinone were in the control group. Both groups received basic treatment, additionally the observation group was given oprinon hydrochloride intravenous pump injection for48 hours and the control group was given milrinone intravenous pump injection for 48 hours. The changes of vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate), cardiac function, hemodynamics, biochemical indexes, electrocardiogram, cardiac color Doppler ultrasound and adverse reactions were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. The incidence of cardiovascular events (worsening, re-hospitalization and death) was followed up 1 month after discharge. Results The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), central venous pressure (CVP), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), N-terminal B-type natriuria (NT-proBNP), lactic acid, serum creatinine (SCr), blood sodium and potassium of the two groups after treatment were not statistically significant compared with those before treatment [LVEF: the control group was 0.52±0.09 vs. 0.60±0.09, the observation group was 0.62±0.12 vs. 0.50±0.11; CVP (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): the control group was 11.2±2.8 vs. 13.0±2.9, the observation group was 13.0±2.5 vs. 10.5±3.6; SaO2: the control group was 0.98 (0.90, 0.99) vs. 0.99 (0.98, 1.00), the observation group was 0.95 (0.94, 0.98) vs. 0.96 (0.90, 1.00); PaO2 (mmHg): the control group was 100.5 (63.8, 135.3) vs. 99.5 (82.3, 179.5), the observation group was 95.0 (85.5, 129.0) vs. 75.5 (59.0, 138.3); NT-proBNP (pg/L): the control group was 1.45 (1.34, 3.31) vs. 0.92 (0.42, 1.81), the observation group was 0.47 (0.35, 1.37) vs. 2.07 (1.27, 4.44); lactic acid (mmol/L): the control group was 3.6 (2.4, 4.5) vs. 1.4 (1.2, 3.1), the observation group was 1.3 (1.1, 2.1) vs. 3.1 (1.4, 3.7); SCr (μmol/L): the control group was 106.7±35.9 vs. 84.4±20.3, the observation group was 96.5±40.7 vs. 77.1±23.1; sodium (mmol/L): the control group was 141.4±7.2 vs. 143.6±4.2, the observation group was 142.9±3.6 vs. 140.5±4.5; potassium (mmol/L): the control group was 4.6±0.9 vs. 4.8±0.6, the observation group was 4.8±0.6 vs. 4.1±0.6, all P > 0.05]; the comparisons between the following indicators in levels before and after treatment in the two groups had statistical significant differences: the peripheral arterial pressure (PAP), white blood cell count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet count (PLT), alanine aminotransferas (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [PAP (mmHg): the control group was 33.0 (24.0, 59.3) vs. 38.0 (34.8, 46.0), the observation group was 30.0 (25.0, 32.0) vs. 53.5 (29.3, 66.5); WBC (×109 /L): the control group was 12.2 (10.4, 13.9) vs. 5.7 (4.4, 8.6), the observation group was: 8.4 (3.7, 11.8) vs. 8.6 (5.7, 12.4); Hb (g/L): the control group was 95.6±12.9 vs. 130.3±15.0, the observation group was 111.1±22.6 vs. 112.4±24.6; PLT (×109 /L): the control group was 95.2±21.3 vs. 168.7±32.6, the observation group was 146.3±68.1 vs. 132.7±45.1; ALT (U/L): the control group was 36.5 (15.3, 80.5) vs. 14.0 (11.0, 19.0), the observation group was 15.0 (10.0, 32.3) vs. 20.3 (12.0, 35.8); AST (U/L): the control group was 33.0 (20.0, 83.0) vs. 16.5 (16.7, 28.8), the observation group was 35.5 (12.3, 56.8) vs. 75.5 (45.3, 140.3), all P < 0.05]; after treatment, the urea nitrogen (BUN) level in control group was higher than that before treatment (mmol/L: 11.4±4.7 vs. 7.1±2.5), while BUN in the observation group was decreased (mmol/L: 6.5 ±3.3 vs. 9.1±3.8), there was statistical significant difference in BUN level between the two groups after treatment (P < 0.05). The levels of systolic blood pressure and respiratory rate after treatment in the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (all P < 0.05). After treatment, the diastolic blood pressure in the observation group was increased, but there was no significant difference in the control group before and after treatment, and the diastolic blood pressure in the observation group after treatment was higher than that in the control group (mmHg: 67.8±9.9 vs. 62.0±10.5, P < 0.05). According to the New York Heart Association Heart (NYHA) function efficacy assessment score, the total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group [93.7% (30/32) vs. 83.3% (25/30), P > 0.05]. There was no statistical significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group and the control group [12.5% (4/32) vs. 30.0% (9/30), P > 0.05]. The patients in the two groups were followed up for one month after discharge, 9 cases (30.0%) in the control group were re-hospitalized due to heart failure, and 3 cases (9.4%) in the observation group were re-hospitalized due to heart failure, there was no statistical significant difference between the two groups in re-hospitalization rate (P > 0.05). Conclusion Oprinone hydrochloride can effectively improve cardiac function and maintain hemodynamic stability of patients after heart valve replacement surgery.