民航飞行员工作耗竭状况的质性研究

Qualitative Research on Work Exhaustion of Civil Aviation Pilots

为了解各层级飞行员的工作耗竭状况及其应激压力源,本文采用半结构化访谈对20名西北地区某航空公司飞行员工作耗竭状况进行了调查,获得了8种工作耗竭应激源,包括升级压力、管理压力、工作环境压力、工作—家庭冲突压力、安全压力、发展压力、分配公平、工作负荷。研究发现民航飞行员工作耗竭压力源存在职业"共同化"与阶段"特有化"、飞行员职业健康体系不完善、安全管理建设存在疏漏以及飞行员管理建设不到位等特点。

To understand the exhaustion of pilots at various levels and to sort out the sources of exhaustion and stressors,a semi structured interview was carried out to investigate the status of the work exhaustion of 20 pilots in a certain northwest flight branch.8 kinds of work exhaustion stressors were sorted out,including upgrading pressure,management pressure,work environment pressure, work family conflict pressure,safety pressure,development pressure,distributive justice and workload.Under the background of Chinese civil aviation,there are characteristics of "job union"and "stage specific",imperfect pilot occupational health system,neglect of safety management construction and pilot management construction.