《伤寒杂病论》建中法解读

Interpretation of Method of Fortifying Center in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases

张仲景强调"有一分胃气,便有一分生机",其建中法将"保胃气"思想体现得淋漓尽致,创立小建中汤、黄芪建中汤和大建中汤,分别治疗虚劳里急,虚劳里急诸不足证及虚寒腹痛。小建中汤主要治疗中焦虚寒,气血不足而兼伤寒表证;脾虚腹痛兼少阳邪郁证;虚劳病中焦虚寒,阴阳两虚证;"黄疸"病属脾虚气血不足证;房劳过度所致诸证。黄芪建中汤方较小建中汤补虚作用更强,阴阳俱虚偏于脾胃气虚者应用黄芪建中汤疗效颇佳。大建中汤适用于素体虚、病情急且重、腹痛较重的患者,即中阳虚弱而脘腹冷痛,阴寒内盛而上逆之人。三建中汤选药精准,配伍巧妙,扶正祛邪,效如桴鼓。

Zhang Zhong-jing emphasizes that " if you have a little stomach qi,you will have a little vitality". His method of fortifying center embodies the thought of " protecting stomach qi" incisively and vividly. He has established Minor Center-Fortifying Decoction,Astragalus Center-Fortifying Decoction and Major Center-Fortifying Decoction to treat deficiency syndrome,deficiency syndrome with abdominal spasm,deficiency-cold and abdominal pain. Minor Center-Fortifying Decoction is mainly used to treat deficiency-cold of middle energizer,qi-blood deficiency combined with exterior syndrome of exogenous febrile disease,deficient spleen and abdominal pain combined with pathogen accumulated in Shaoyang,deficiency-cold of middle energizer due to deficiency,deficiency of both yin and yang. " Yellow gangrene" disease belongs to the syndrome of deficiency of spleen and qi and blood deficiency; overwork leads to disease. Astragalus Center-Fortifying Decoction has a stronger tonic effect than Minor Center-Fortifying Decoction,and it has a good effect in the case of deficiency of both yin and Yang with particular spleen and stomach qi. Major Center-Fortifying Decoction is suitable for patients with constantly weak constitution acute and severe abdominal pain,that is,those with weakness of middle energizer yang and abdominal cold pain,and those with excessive upside-down yin and cold. The above three kinds of Center-Fortifying Decoction have advantages of accurate selection of medicines,ingenious compatibility,strengthening healthy qi and dispelling pathogens,and have remarkable efficacies.