北方农村厨房室内空气质量调查研究

Investigation and study on indoor air quality of rural kitchen in North China

为了解农村地区厨房内空气质量情况,选择黑龙江省五常市某村一户具有独立厨房的农户进行实地测试。采用气相色谱-热脱附联用仪、粉尘仪、手持式CO、CO_2检测仪监测了冬季农宅内烹饪时产生的污染物浓度水平。研究结果表明,不同的烹饪能源对农宅厨房内的空气质量产生不同程度的影响。以LPG作为烹饪能源时,CO污染严重,而PM_(2.5)和TVOC浓度较低。以稻草秸秆作为烹饪能源时,PM_(2.5)浓度严重超标,TVOC浓度水平相对较高。烹饪时检测到的苯、甲苯和乙苯主要来源于稻草燃烧。另外,烹饪方式也对厨房内CO、PM_(2.5)和TVOC的浓度水平有影响。

In order to understand the air quality in the kitchen in rural areas,a household with a separate kitchen in a village in Wuchang City,Heilongjiang Province was selected for field testing.Gas chromatographythermal desorption instrument,dust sampling meter,hand-held CO,CO2 detector were utilized to monitor the concentration levels of pollutants produced during cooking in winter farmhouse.The results of the study showed that different cooking energy has different effects on the air quality in the farmhouse kitchen.When LPG was used as cooking energy,CO pollution was severe,while PM2.5 and TVOC concentrations were low.When straw was used as cooking energy,the concentration of PM2.5 was seriously exceeded the standard value and the concentration of TVOC was relatively high.The benzene,toluene and ethylbenzene detected during cooking were mainly derived from straw burning.In addition,the cooking method also has effects on the concentration levels of CO,PM2.5 and TVOC in the kitchen.