基于中西医临床病症特点的糖尿病肾病动物模型分析

Analysis of Animal Models of Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Characteristics of Clinical Symptoms of Chinese and Western Medicine

基于糖尿病肾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)中西医临床诊断标准,对现有DKD动物模型与临床病症的吻合情况进行分析发现,DKD动物模型的特点与造模方法主要有:(1)化学诱导法简单易行,是应用最为广泛的制备DKD模型的方法,在实验动物选择、STZ和四氧嘧啶的注射用量、模型评价标准等方面已经取得了大量研究成果,但动物的病理生理过程与人类DKD有较大的差异,只是单纯的病症模仿,有待进一步研究;(2)自发性DKD动物模型,与人类DKD的部分发病机制较相似,常用于DKD发病机制方面研究,但来源较少且价格昂贵,随着研究的深入及国家科研经费支持,自发性DKD动物模型的应用也越来越多;(3)基因工程DKD动物模型,虽在发病机制和病理表现上与人类DKD较相似,但其要求技术高且成本大,是未来发展方向之一。

Based on the clinical diagnostic criteria of diabetic kidney disease (DKD),the existing DKD animal model and clinical symptoms were analyzed.The characteristics and modeling methods of DKD animal model are as follows :①The chemistry induction method is simple and easy,and it is the most widely used method for preparing DKD model.A large number of research results have been obtained in the selection of experimental animals,the dosage of STZ and alloxan injection,and the evaluation criteria of the model,but the pathophysiological process of animals and There is a big difference in human DKD,just a simple disease imitation,which needs further study;②The spontaneous DKD animal model is similar to the partial pathogenesis of human DKD,and is often used in the study of the pathogenesis of DKD,but the source is less.And the price is expensive.With the deepening of research and the support of national research funds,the application of spontaneous DKD animal models is increasing;③The genetic engineering DKD animal model is similar to human DKD in pathogenesis and pathological manifestations.However,its demand for high technology and high cost is one of the future development directions.