从人机关系到跨人际主体间关系——人工智能的定义和策略

From A Man-Machine Relationship to Inter Human Relations:Definition and Strategy of Artificial Intelligence

为了区分作为工具的智能机和作为主体的机器人,关于人的定义必须由本质主义转向功能主义。迄今为止,人工智能经历了形式化、经验化、理性化三个发展阶段,但却仍然不是在结构上,而是在功能上模拟人类思维。只有关于人的功能主义定义才能兼容未来的新物种和新人类——"不受控"机器人。如果"不受控"机器人出现,自然人和机器人的关系将会从人机关系发展到跨人际主体间关系。这种关系既非以往人和机器的关系、人和动物的关系,亦非自然人之间的关系,自然人不应套用以往策略对待机器人。人类至上主义并非不证自明。自然人自身再进化、人机并行、人机融合是自然人避免被机器人所超越、替代、淘汰的可行方案。

In order to distinguish the intelligent machine as a tool from the robot as a subject,the definition of human must change from essentialism to functionalism.So far,artificial intelligence has gone through three stages of development:formalization,empiricization and rationalization,but it is still not in the structure,but in the function of simulating human thinking.Only a functionalist definition of human beings can be compatible with the future of new species and new humans -"uncontrolled"robots,If "uncontrolled"robots emerge,the relationship between natural person and robot will develop from human-machine relationship to inter-human relationship.This relationship is neither the relationship between man and machine,nor the relationship between man and animal, nor the relationship between natural people.Natural people should not adopt the previous strategy to treat robots. Human supremacism is not self-evident.Natural man's self-re-evolution,man-machine parallel and man-machine fusion are feasible schemes for natural man to avoid being overtaken,replaced and eliminated by robots.