昌黎生态监控区夏季浮游动物多样性研究

Zooplankton Diversity in Changli Ecological Monitoring Area in Summer

为弄清昌黎生态监控区的浮游动物群落结构特征,利用2013-2015年夏季(8月)浮游动物监测数据,采用Shannon-Weaver、Pielou、Margalef和simpson指数方程分析了夏季昌黎生态监控区I网型浮游动物的种类组成、数量分布和多样性变化特征。结果表明:2013-2015年夏季共鉴定浮游动物43种,其中,2013年34种,2014年25种,2015年17种。三年浮游动物平均丰度分别为252个/m^3、184个/m^3和131个/m^3。由此显示出种类组成和平均丰度均为2013年>2014年>2015年,呈逐年降低趋势。2013-2015年平均多样性指数(H′)分别为2.30、1.60、2.26;平均均匀度指数(J)分别为0.59、0.52、0.73;平均丰富度指数(d)分别为1.78、1.11、1.34,2014年三项指标明显低于2013年和2015年。以优势度指数Y>0.02确定优势种浮游动物优势种类,共鉴定优势种11种,2013年6种,其第一优势种为短尾类幼虫(Brachyura larva),优势度指数Y=0.22,2014和2015年分别为3种和5种,第一优势种均为强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa),优势度指数Y分别为0.43和0.40。

In order to understand the characteristics of zooplankton community structure in Changli ecological monitoring area,the zooplankton monitoring data in summer(August)from 2013-2015 is used.Shannon-Weaver,Pielou,Margalef and Simpson index equations were used to analyze the species composition,quantity distribution and diversity of zooplankton in the Changli ecological monitoring area in summers.The results show that a total of 43 species of zooplankton were identified in the summer of2013-2015.Among them there were 34 kinds in 2013,25 in 2014 and 17 in 2015,respectively.In the three years,the average abundance of zooplankton was 252/m^3,184/m^3 and 131/m^3 respectively.It shows that the species composition and the average abundance are in the order of 2013>2014>2015.The trend is decreasing year by year.The yearly averaged diversity index(H′)is 2.30,1.60 and 2.26,respectively.The mean evenness index(J)was 0.59,0.52 and 0.73,respectively.The average richness index(d)was 1.78,1.11 and 1.34,respectively.The three indicators in 2014 year were significantly lower than those in 2013 and 2015.The dominant species of zooplankton were identified by dominance index Y>0.02.11 species of dominant species were identified.In 2013,6 species were identified and the first dominant species is Brachyura larva with dominance index Y=0.22.In 2014 and 2015,3 and 5 species were identified,respectively.The first dominant species are Sagitta crassa.The dominance index Y was 0.43 and 0.40,respectively.