持久性有机污染物对珊瑚藻生长和生理生态特性的影响

Impact of Persistent Organic Pollutants on Growth and Physiological Ecological Characteristics of Coral Algae

以蒽和Aroclor1254为典型污染物质,分析了持久性有机污染物对于采自深圳大鹏湾(N114°36′,E 22°25′)的珊瑚藻生长和生理生态特性的影响效果。研究结果表明,随着蒽和Aroclor1254处理浓度的增加,珊瑚藻的光合色素含量下降,细胞膜透性和活性氧代谢产物丙二醛含量增加,最终停止生长。尽管低浓度有机污染物10.0～20.0μg·L-1蒽和8.0～16.0μg·L-1 Aroclor1254处理下藻体分泌的胞外多糖含量较对照略有上升,但随着污染物浓度上升,胞外多糖含量明显下降,胞外多糖的自由基(包括O2·-、·OH和DPPH自由基)清除能力也同样明显走低。蒽和Aroclor1254对珊瑚藻生理和生长的抑制作用有较明显的剂量—效应关系,因此持久性有机污染物对于珊瑚藻而言具有明显毒害作用。两种有机污染物对于珊瑚藻的毒害效应类似,相较而言,Aroclor1254毒性效应稍大于蒽。

For the purpose of understanding the coralline algae responding to persistent organic pollutants(POPs),we carried on an experimental study by exposing Corallina officinalis to different levels of typical organic pollutants,i.e.anthracene and Aroclor1254,in order to see the physiological and biochemical responses.The red calcareous alga was collected from the intertidal zone of Dapeng bay,Shenzhen,China(114°36′N and 22°25′E).The main results are as follows:Under the conditions of increased concentrations of anthracene and Aroclor1254,the relative growth rate(RGR)decreased significantly comparing with those under the control.PAHs and PCBs treatment also reduced the contents of photosynthetic pigments(Chla,Carotenoid and PE).With the concentration of anthracene and Aroclor1254 increasing in seawater,the permeability of cell membrane and the content of MDA were increased gradually,which showed that the capacity of anti-oxidant was also inhibited.The content of extracellular polysaccharides increased at first and then decreased with concentration of organic pollutants enhancing,while the content of intracellular polysaccharides continuously went low.The changes of radical scavenging capacity,including superoxide radicals(O2·-),hydroxyl radicals(·OH)and DPPH radical extracellular polysaccharides showed a similar first increased and then decreased trend.This study suggests that POPs have significant negative impact on the physiological activity of coralline algae.Similar poison effects could be found in two organic pollutants,and comparatively Aroclor1254 presented more harmful to Corallina officinalis than anthracene.