湖州市妇女感染人乳头瘤病毒及基因亚型分析

Analysis of human papillomavirus infection status and genotype distribution in women in Huzhou, China

目的了解湖州市妇女人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染现状及基因亚型分布。方法选取2017年6月份至2017年12月份在湖州市妇幼保健院参加体检并接受宫颈HPV检查女性2830例为研究对象,取宫颈脱落细胞样本,采用实时荧光PCR技术定性检测HPV16、18、31、59、66、53、33、58、45、56、52、35、68、51、39、82、26、73、6、11、81共21种基因亚型,探讨21种基因亚型分布及感染状况。结果2830例检测样本HPV阳性269例,总感染率为9.51%,其中单一基因感染占86.99%(234/269),双基因感染占11.90%(32/269);高危亚型感染率9.11%(258/2830),占HPV基因总检出数的83.77%(258/308),以58、16、52为主;女性HPV感染率及HPV高危型感染率均以56~60岁组最高,31~35岁组最低,不同年龄组间高危型HPV感染率差异有统计学意义,总感染率无统计学意义。结论湖州地区正常体检妇女HPV感染率为9.51%,高危型以58、16、52为主,56~60岁组为高发人群;了解本地区妇女HPV感染状况及HPV基因亚型分布特点对HPV疫苗开发、选择应用以及HPV感染预防有重要指导价值,对宫颈癌筛查、预防及治疗有重要意义。

Objective To observe the infection status and the distribution of the gene subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Huzhou. Methods Cervical exfoliated cells were collected from the women who attended the physical examination and the cervical HPV examination from June 2017 to December 2017 in Huzhou Maternal and Child Health-Care hospital. A total of 2 830 women were tested for 21 HPV genotypes (including HPV-16, 18, 31, 59, 66, 53, 33, 58, 45, 56, 52, 35, 68, 51, 39, 82, 26, 73, 6, 11, 81), using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), investigated the infection status and subtype distribution. Results Among the 2 830 women, 269 were positive for HPV, the total infection rate was 9.51% (269/2 830). The infection rate of single gene and double gene was 86.99% (234/269) and 11.90% (32/269), respectively. The infection rate of high-risk subtypes was 9.11% among the detected women (258/2 830), accounting for 83.77% of HPV gene detections (258/308). The HPV-58, 16, 52 were the most commonly found gene subtypes among the high-risk HPV. The rate of HPV infection and high-risk subtypes of HPV infection in women was the highest in the 56-60 year old group, and the lowest in the 31-35 year old group. In different age groups, the difference in high-risk HPV infection rate was statistically significant, the total infection rate had no statistical significance. Conclusions In Huzhou area, the HPV infection rate of women found through normal physical examination was 9.51%, the high risk type was 58, 16 and 52, and the 56-60 year old group was the high incidence group. This study provides the HPV infection status and HPV gene subtype distribution characteristics in women in Huzhou, which has important guiding value for the vaccine development and application, and for prevention of HPV infection.