中国三大城市群节能减排效率的变化及测度

Changes and measurement of energy conservation and emission reduction efficiency in China's three urban agglomerations

基于京津冀城市群、长三角城市群、珠三角城市群53个城市的面板数据,运用考虑非期望产出的超效率SBM模型测算了三大城市群的节能减排综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率,并通过麦奎斯特指数模型分析了节能减排效率的动态特征及内在驱动因素。结果显示:三大城市群的节能减排综合效率整体偏低,呈波动下降态势;京津冀城市群节能减排综合效率的主要驱动因素是纯技术效率,而长三角和珠三角城市群节能减排综合效率的驱动因素由规模效率转变为纯技术效率;三大城市群的综合效率空间格局变化较大,高效率城市的空间辐射作用较弱;三大城市群的全要素生产率呈现出了显著的波动特征,其中,技术进步是促进其提升的主要因素,并且技术进步对长三角城市群全要素生产率的提升效果更显著。

Based on the panel data of 53 cities of Jing-Jin-Ji Urban Agglomeration,Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration and Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration from 2006 to 2015,this essay has utilized Super-efficiency SBM Model considering undesirable outputs to calculate the comprehensive efficiency of energy conservation and emission reduction,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency in China’s urban agglomerations. Also,this essay uses the Malmquist Index Model to analyze the dynamic characteristics and internal driving factors of energy saving and emission reduction efficiency. The results show that: the comprehensive efficiency of energy conservation and emission reduction in China’s three urban agglomerations is overall low and shows fluctuating decline trend,which presents a lead in the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration. In addition,the cities of Beijing,Guangzhou and Shenzhen are always at the forefront of efficiency in the sample interval; The main driving factors of the comprehensive efficiency of energy conservation and emission reduction in Jing-Jin-Ji Urban Agglomeration is pure technical efficiency,while the comprehensive efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration and the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration are transformed from scale efficiency to pure technical efficiency; The spatial pattern of the comprehensive efficiency in China’s three urban agglomerations has changed greatly, and the space radiation effect of the efficient city is weak. The total factor productivity has appeared significant fluctuation characteristics in China ’s three urban agglomerations,which technological progress is the main cause of total factor productivity growth and is more significant to the total factor productivity in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration.