进城抚养孙辈的祖辈的生活困境及其消解路径

The living plight and route of the rural migrant grandparent caregivers

通过对江苏省南通市466名进城隔代抚养孙辈的祖辈进行问卷调查与深度访谈,发现该群体在城市生活呈现多重困境,主要体现在以下几方面:消极的身体健康状况自评、非理性的心理压力应对方式、"碎片化"的闲暇时间与"差序格局"式的活动空间、低参涉度的活动类型与浅交往式的互动状态、单向度的角色、沉重的家用贴补、"缺场"下的乡愁、无法照料的家人等。据此认为,社区、社会服务机构、物业、子女等可在祖辈照顾孩子与料理家务、闲暇生活、与子女家庭关系、与老家关系等四个方面开展服务,提升祖辈的生活福祉。

Through the questionnaire survey and in-depth interview on 466 cases of rural migrant grandparent caregivers in Nantong,Jiangsu Province,it is found that this group encounters multiple difficulties in city life,and the difficulties include: negative self-evaluation of physical health,irrational psychological stress coping styles,"fragmentation" of leisure time and activity space of"differential mode of association",activities with low participation degree and a shallow interaction type,one dimensional role,heavy burden of home expenses,nostalgia of "absence-in-field",and unattended spouse(family). Accordingly,the community,social service agencies,property management company,their children and so on can provide service in four aspects,namely childcare and housework,leisure life,family relations with their children,and family relation with their own home,to enhance the well-being of grandparent caregivers’ lives.