试析中国援外改革发展的历史阶段及其特征

An Analysis of the Historical Stages and Characteristics of China's Foreign Aid Reform Development

援外改革是改革开放事业的一项重要实践。中国援外改革40年的历史是一个渐进式、逐级提升的发展过程,综合考量对外援助改革的政策、援外方式、改革深度等关键因素,可分为以改革援外政策为核心的调整探索阶段(1979～1992年)、以改革援外方式为核心的重大转变阶段(1993～1999年)、以融入国家开放战略为核心的全面发展阶段(2000～2009年)和以加强顶层设计与规划为核心的深入发展阶段(2010年以来)四个时期。各个时期都具有不同的背景和比较显著的阶段性特征。

The reform of foreign aid is an important practice in China’s reform and opening-up. The 40-year history of China’s foreign aid reform is a gradual and step-by-step process of development. Comprehensively considering the key factors of foreign aid reform, such as policy, mode and depth of reform, the history of reform can be divided into 4 stages: the stage of adjustment and exploration with the reform of foreign aid policy as the core( 1979~1992), the stage of major transformation with the reform of foreign aid mode as the core( 1993~1999), the stage of all-round development with the integration of the national open strategy as the core( 2000~2009) and the stage of in-depth development with the strengthening of top-level design and planning as the core( since 2010). All stages had different backgrounds and comparatively significant stage characteristics.