台湾可再生能源政策实践及其治理转型探究——以光伏发电政策为例

The Renewable Energy Policy Practice and Its Governance Transformation in Taiwan:Taking Photovoltaic Policy as an Example

为应对能源短缺与气候变化的挑战,全球大多数国家(地区)均积极扩大可再生能源的使用,并订立其发展目标。但是,由于能源类别的差异,各国(地区)开发可再生能源的重点和顺序也不尽相同。中国台湾地区地处亚热带气候,对太阳能光伏发电等可再生能源的推广十分有利。台湾光伏发电政策从2000年发展至今,积累了不少实践经验,比如,光伏发电设置从屋顶型转向地面型、光伏发电应用从独立型转向以并联型为主、使用者主动参与光伏发电系统的改进等。但由此也折射出台湾现行可再生能源发电成本偏高、能源设置标准不明确、产业链分布不均衡等政策与治理上的局限,亟需从民众能源认知、可再生能源发展目标量及配比、可再生能源发展效率等方面推动可再生能源治理的全面转型。

In order to answer the challenges of energy shortage and climate change,most countries in the world have actively expanded the use of renewable energy and set their development goals.However,due to the differences of energy structure, the focus and order of the development on renewable energy are different.Taiwan belongs to subtropical climate,which is very beneficial to the promotion of renewable energy such as photovoltaic.Since 2000,Taiwan has accumulated many.practical experiences on photovoltaic policy,for example,the establishment of photovoltaic turns from roof top to ground type,the application of photovoltaic turns from independent to parallel type,and the users actively participate in the improvement of its system,and the like.This also reflects the limitations of policy and governance on current renewable energy in Taiwan,for instance,the high cost of power generation,the ambiguous energy setting standards,the unbalanced industrial chain layout, etc.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the comprehensive transformation of renewable energy governance from the aspects of residents'energy awareness,the target amount and ratio,and its development efficiency of renewable energy.