高脂饮食对大鼠肝脏功能及肠道细菌群落的影响

Effects of high-fat diet on liver function and intestinal bacterial community in rats

目的通过高脂喂养大鼠构造动物模型,探究高脂饮食对肝脏功能及肠道细菌群落的影响。方法将20只21日龄大鼠随机均分成两组:正常组和高脂组。正常组饮食普通饲料,高脂组饮食高脂饲料。6周之后,提取两组大鼠粪便对肠道细菌群落进行16SrRNA高通量测序分析。结果6周之后,与普通饮食大鼠比较,高脂饮食大鼠血液中总蛋白(TP55.79±3.75)(P=0.002)、球蛋白(GLB34.9±2.53)(P<0.001)、白蛋白(ALB/GLB0.60±0.02)(P<0.001)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP373.80±63.05)(P<0.001)、总胆固醇(TC1.94±0.23)(P<0.001)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL0.76±0.93)(P<0.001)、LDL/高密度脂蛋白(HDL1.43±0.22)(P<0.001)和三酰甘油(TG1.48±0.50)(P=0.015)均显著升高。高脂饮食后,大鼠肠道细菌群落多样性和均匀性降低。大鼠肠道细菌中的优势门为拟杆菌门(平均相对丰度为56.36%)、厚壁菌门(35.31%)和变形菌门(6.61%)。其中,拟杆菌门在高脂组中的相对丰度明显降低(P=0.007),厚壁菌门的相对丰度在高脂组中明显升高(P=0.020),而变形菌门的相对丰度在两组中没有变化(P=0.928)。此外,16SrRNA高通量测序分析发现正常组和高脂组大鼠肠道细菌群落结构存在着显著差异。结论高脂饮食能导致肠道细菌群落结构的改变,并进一步导致肝功能受损,并引发肥胖的形成。

Objective To investigate the influence of high-fat diet on liver function and intestinal bacterial community through building rat models.Methods 20 rats of 21 days old were divided into two groups randomly as normal diet group fed with standard chow diet and high-fat group fed with high-fat diet.After 6 weeks,feces of rats in both groups were obtained for 16S rRNA high-through sequencing of the intestinal bacterial community.Results After 6 weeks high-fat diet,total protein(TP)(55.79±3.75,P=0.002),globin(GLB)( 34.9±2.53,P<0.001),albumin(ALB)/GLB(.60±0.02,P<0.001),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)(373.80±63.05,P<0.001),total cholesterol(TC)(1.94±0.23,P<0.001),low density lipoprotein(LDL)(0.76±0.93,P<0.001),LDL/high density lipoprotein(HDL)(1.43±0.22,P<0.001),and triglyceride(TG)(1.48±0.50,P=0.015)increased compared with the normal diet group.Additionally,intestinal bacterial diversity and evenness decreased significantly.The dominant bacteria were Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria,with averaged relative abundances as 56.36%,35.31%,and 6.61%,respectively.The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes deceased(P=0.007),those of Firmicutes increased(P=0.020),and those of Proteobacteria were kept stable(P=0.928)after a 6-week high-fat diet.Furthermore,the intestinal bacterial community structure changed distinctly between the two groups by 16s rRNA high-through sequencing.Conclusion High-fat diet can lead to change of intestinal bacterial community structure and further result in liver function damnification as well as obesity.