大骨节病病因与发病机制的研究进展

Research advances on the cause and pathogenesis of Kashin-Beck disease

大骨节病(Kashin-Beck disease,KBD)是一种地方性、慢性和变形性骨关节病,主要发生于儿童管状骨干骺端闭合以前的四肢骺软骨、骺板软骨及关节软骨,致其变性和深层细胞坏死。大骨节病在临床上表现为多发性、对称性关节受累,患者多在5岁甚至更早出现手指、脚趾及邻近关节变形,甚者腿部畸形及类骨关节炎症状^[1-2]。

Kashin-Beck disease (KBD)is an endemic, degenerative osteoarthritis. The main pathological changes include epiphyseal cartilage and articular cartilage chondrocyte necrosis, secondary hyperplasia and repair changes. It manifests as a multiple, symmetric joint involvement, which is a special type of osteoarthritis. The bone and cartilage changes are systemic, mainly to the calcaneus, talus, carpal, lower tibia and fibula, femur, etc. At present, its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. A number of studies have shown that there is a close correlation between the incidence and living environment of low selenium, T-2 toxins and the interaction between genetic factors and the environment.